Abstract
Since the late 1960s, tardive dyskinesia (TD) has been recognized as a potential sequela of prolonged therapy with neuroleptics. Besides the disfiguring movements that characterize this syndrome, TD is frequently complicated by ternperomandibular joint dysfunction, mouth ulcers, accidental trauma secondary to position instability, respiratory problems, and speech pathology. The movements themselves are often a source of social embarrassment and tend to further isolate individuals with concomitant disabling illnesses like schizophrenia. Because of its medical, social, and legal implications, TD is one of the most significant complications of pharmacological treatment for psychiatric illnesses. As a result, considerable effort has been devoted to finding a treatment for its various symptoms; however, no universally successful therapy has yet been demonstrated.
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Alphs, L.D., Davis, J.M. (1986). Treatments for Tardive Dyskinesia. In: Shah, N.S., Donald, A.G. (eds) Movement Disorders. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5038-5_11
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