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Nonmammalian Psychosexual Differentiation

  • Chapter
Reproduction

Part of the book series: Handbook of Behavioral Neurobiology ((HBNE,volume 7))

Abstract

Nonmammalian vertebrates have traditionally played a significant role in the study of morphological sexual differentiation, but they have been relatively neglected in the study of behavioral sexual differentiation (psychosexual differentiation). Several recent developments, however, have sparked new interest in other vertebrate classes. These include the discovery of gross anatomical sexual dimorphism in songbird brains (Nottebohm and Arnold, 1976), the possibility of major species or class differences in the pattern of psychosexual differentiation (Adkins-Regan, 1981), and a generally greater tendency to view reproductive physiology and behavior as part of overall reproductive strategies to be explained within an evolutionary/ecological context. It is also becoming apparent that certain nonmammalian species are potentially very valuable as models for studying the role of hormones in brain and behavioral development, in part because they lack some problems inherent in mammals. For example, most birds, fish, and amphibians have no external copulatory organs, and so the effects of hormones administered early in life on adult copulatory behavior are not confounded by alterations in copulatory organs. In egg-laying species, there is no maternal gestation to complicate treatments given during embryonic life. Many nonmammalian species are sufficiently independent of the parents at birth or hatching so that they can be easily reared without parents; thus, a confound is avoided wherein the parents behave differently toward hormone-treated and control offspring (as has been shown to happen in rats, C. L. Moore, 1982).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychology and Section of Neurobiology and Behavior, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853, USA

    Elizabeth Adkins-Regan

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  1. Elizabeth Adkins-Regan
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  1. Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

    Norman Adler

  2. Laboratory of Neurobiology and Behavior, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA

    Donald Pfaff

  3. Wisconsin Regional Primate Research Center, Madison, Wisconsin, USA

    Robert W. Goy

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© 1985 Plenum Press, New York

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Adkins-Regan, E. (1985). Nonmammalian Psychosexual Differentiation. In: Adler, N., Pfaff, D., Goy, R.W. (eds) Reproduction. Handbook of Behavioral Neurobiology, vol 7. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-4832-0_3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-4832-0_3

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