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Cross-Gender Identity in a Broader Context

  • Chapter
Gender Dysphoria

Part of the book series: Perspectives in Sexuality ((PISE))

Abstract

This chapter is a review of clinical and experimental studies that may suggest questions useful in research on the etiology of cross-gender identity (which is here conceived as an extreme form of masculine gender identity in females or feminine gender identity in males). The first section addresses itself to the typology of cross-gender identity and demonstrates that there are two main types, one occurring in homosexual, the other in heterosexual (or just nonhomosexual) persons. Next, the relationships among androphilia (an erotic preference for physically mature males), homosexual-type cross-gender identity, and feminine gender identity (in males) in general are explored. The second section investigates the feasibility of physiological hypotheses of homosexual cross-gender identity and discusses, in this context, relevant work on the development of gender identity in intersexes. The third section explores the relevance of animal studies to the problem of gender identity.

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  1. Department of Behavioural Sexology, Clarke Institute of Psychiatry, M5T 1R8, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

    Kurt Freund

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  1. Clarke Institute of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

    Betty W. Steiner

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Freund, K. (1985). Cross-Gender Identity in a Broader Context. In: Steiner, B.W. (eds) Gender Dysphoria. Perspectives in Sexuality. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-4784-2_9

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