Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Chronic Mononucleosis

  • Chapter
Immune Deficiency and Cancer

  • 56 Accesses

Abstract

Since its discovery in 1964 (1) and implication as the main cause of the infectious mononucleosis (IM) syndrome (2), the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has become a common archetype of human latent viral infections (3). This has been ascribed to its infection of B lymphocytes (4) and a resultant permanent viral carrier state (3). These genome carrying cells may give rise to continuous EBV-containing lymphoblastoid cell lines in in vitro cultures established from the peripheral blood and lymph node lymphocytes of seropositive individuals (5). With the characterization of the specific antibody responses in IM (6), their application in the elucidation of atypical cases of EBV infection became evident (7), particularly in children (8) and in 50–60% of adults where the minimal criteria for the diagnosis of IM (9) are not fulfilled (10,11). Given the high incidence of exposed individuals (80% by late adolescence), the recognized tendency of herpes viruses to reactivation (3), the persistent carrier state, and the predisposition to atypical infections, it might be expected that recurrent or prolonged atypical EBV infections would be commonly reported.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Epstein, M.A., Achong, B.G., and Barr, Y.M. Virus particle in cultured lymphoblasts from Burkitt’s lymphoma. Lancet, i:702, 1964.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Henle, G., Henle, W., and Diehl, V. Relation of Burkitt’s tumour associated with herpes-type virus to infectious mononucleosis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 59:94, 1968.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Epstein, M.A. and Achong, B.G. Various forms of EBV infection in man: estalished facts and a general concept. Lancet, ii:836, 1973.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Pattengale, P.K., Smith, R.W., and Gerber, P. Selective transformation of B lymphocytes by EB virus. Lancet, ii:93, 1973.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Nilsson, K., Klein, G., Henle, W., and Henle, G. The establishment of lymphoblastoid lines from adult and fetal human lymphoid tissue and its dependence on EBV. Int. J. Cancer, 8:443, 1971.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Henle, W., Henle, G.E., and Horwitz, C.A. Epstein-Barr virus-specific diagnostic tests in infectious mononucleosis. Human Path., 5:551, 1974.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Hallee, T.J., Evans, A.S., Niederman, J.C., Brooks, C.M., and Voegtly, J.H. IM at the U.S. military academy. Yale J. Biol. Med., 3:182, 1974.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Karzon, D.T. Infectious mononucleosis. Adv. Pediat., 22:231, 1976.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Horwitz, C.A. Practical approach to the diagnosis of infectious mononucleosis. Postgraduate Med., 65:179, 1979.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Niederman, J.C., Evans, A.S., Subrahmanyah, L., and McCollum, R.W. Prevalence, incidence and persistence of EB virus antibody in young adults. N. Engl. J. Med., 282:361, 1970.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Joint investigation by University Health Physicians and P.H.L.S. Laboratories. Infectious mononucleosis and its relationship to EBV antibody. Br. Med. J., 4:643, 1971.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Paterson, J.K. and Pinninger, J.L. Case of recurrent infectious mononucleosis. Br. Med. J., 2:476, 1955.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Bender, C.E. Recurrent mononucleosis. J. Am. Med. Assoc., 182:954, 1962.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Kaufman, R.E. Recurrences of infectious mononucleosis. Amer. Practit., 1:673, 1950.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Chang, R.S. EBV virus-seropositive person is susceptible to infectious mononucleosis. N. Engl. J. Med., 292:925, 1975.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Stevens, D.A., Pry, T.W., and Manaker, R.A. Infectious mononucleosis — Always a primary infection with herpestype virus? J. Natl. Cancer Inst., 44:533, 1970.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Horwitz, C.A., Henle, W., Henle, G. et al. Clinical evaluation of patients with infectious mononucleosis and development of antibodies to the R component of the EB virus-induced early antigen complex. Am. J. Med., 58:330, 1975.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Banatvala, J.E., Best, J.M., and Wallter, D.K. EBV-specific IgM in infectious mononucleosis, Burkitt’s lymphoma and nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Lancet, i:1205, 1972.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Askinazi, C., Cole, F.S., and Brosch, J.L. Positive differential heterophil antibody tests — persistence in a symptomatic patient. J. Am. Med. Assoc, 236: 1492, 1976.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Virelizier, J.L., Lenoir, G., and Griscelli, C. Persistent EBV infection in a child with hypergammaglobulinemia and immunoblastic proliferation associated with a selective defect in immune interferon secretion. Lancet, ii:231, 1978.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Sakamoto, K., Freed, H.J., and Purtilo, D.T. Antibody responses to EBV in families with the X-linked lymphopro-liferative syndrome. J. Immunol., 125:921, 1980.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Purtilo, D.T., Paquin, L.A., Sakamoto, K., Hutt, L.M., Yang, J.P.W., Sparling, S., Beberman, N., and McAuley, R.A. Persistent transfusion associated infectious mononucleosis with transient acquired immunodeficiency. Am. J. Med., 68:437, 1980.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Masucci, M.G., Szigeti, R., Ernberg, I., Masucci, G., Klein, G., Chessel, J., Sieff, C., Lie, S., Glomstein, A., Businco, L., Henle, W., Henle, G., Pearson, G., Sakamoto, K., and Purtilo, D.T. Cellular immune defects to EBV-determined antigens in young males. Cancer Res., 41:4284, 1981.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Purtilo, D.T., Sakamoto, K., Saemundsen, A.K., Sullivan, J.L., Synnerholm, A.C., Andersson-Anvret, M., Pritchard, J., Sloper, C., Sieff, C., Pincott, J., Pachman, L., Rich, K., Cruzi, F., Cornet, J., Collins, R., Barnes, N., Knight, J., Sandstedt, B., and Klein, G. Documentation of EBV infection in immunodeficient patients with life-threatening lymphoproliferative diseases by clinical, virological and immunopathological studies. Cancer Res., 41:4226, 1981.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Tobi, M., Morag, A., Ravid, Z. et al. Prolonged atypical illness associated with serological evidence of persistent EBV infection. Lancet, i:61, 1982.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Lennette, E.M. and Schmidt, N.J. (eds.) Diagnostic Procedures for Viral, Rickettsial and Chlamydial Infections. 5th edition, pp. 441–470. Washington, D.C. American Public Health Association, 1979.

    Google Scholar 

  27. Schleupner, C.J. and Overall, J.C. Infectious mononucleosis and EBV. II. Clinical picture, diagnosis, management. Postgrad. Med., 65:95, 1979.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Finch, S.C. Infectious mononucleosis. In: R.L. Carter and H.G. Penman (eds.), Infectious Mononucleosis. pp. 19–46. Oxford and Edinburgh: Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1969.

    Google Scholar 

  29. Cadie, M., Nye, F.J., and Storey, P. Anxiety and depression after infectious mononucleosis. Brit. J. Psychiat., 128:559, 1976.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Hendler, N. and Leary, W. Psychiatric and neurologic sequelae of infectious mononucleosis. Am. J. Psych., 135:842, 1978.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Evans, A.S. Epstein-Barr and infectious mononucleosis. N. Engl. J. Med., 286:836, 1972.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Evans, A.S. Infectious mononucleosis and related syndrome. Am. J. Med. Sci., 276:325, 1978.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Gordon, D.S., Jones, B.M., Browning, S.W., Spira, T.J., and Lawrence, D.N. Persistent polyclonal lymphocytosis of B lymphocytes. N. Engl. J. Med, 307:232 1982.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Evans, A.S., Niderman, J.C, Cenabre, L.C., West, B., and Richards, N.A. A prospective evaluation of heterophile and EBV-specific IgM antibody tests in clinical and subclinical infectious mononucleosis: specificity and sensitivity of the tests and persistence of antibody. J. Inf. Dis., 132:546, 1975.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Henle, G., Lynette, E.T., Alspaugh, M.A., and Henle, W. Rheumatoid factor as a cause of positive reactions in tests for Epstein-Barr virus specific IgM antibodies. Clin. Exp. Immunol., 36:415, 1979.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Sumaya, C.V. Endogenous reactivation of Epstein-Barr virus infections. J. Inf. Dis., 135:374, 1977.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Ross, C.A.C. and McDavid, R. Specific IgM antibody in serum of patients with herpes-zoster infections. Br. Med. J., 5:522, 1972.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Henle, G., Henle, W., and Klein, G. Demonstration of two distinct components in the early antigen complex of Epstein-Barr virus infected cells. Int. J. Cancer, 8:272, 1971.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Henle, W., Ho, H.C., Henle, G., and Kwan, H.C. Antibodies to EBV-related antigens in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Comparison of active cases with long-term survivors. J. Natl. Cancer Inst., 51: 361, 1973.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Klein, G. and Purtilo, D.T. Summary: symposium on Epstein-Barr virus induced lymphoproliferative disease in immuno-deficient patients. Cancer Res., 41:4302, 1981.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Henle, W. and Henle, G. Epstein-Barr virus-specific serology in immunologically compromised individuals. Cancer Res., 4l:4222, 1981.

    Google Scholar 

  42. Isaacs, R. Chronic infectious mononucleosis. Blood, 3:898, 1948.

    Google Scholar 

  43. Baron, S. and Dianzani, F. General consideration of the interferon system. Tex. Rep. Biol. Med., 35:1 1977.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Baglioni, C. Interferon-induced enzymatic activities and their role in the antiviral state. Cell, 17:255, 1979.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Minks, M.A., Benvin, S., Maroney, P.A., and Baglioni, C. Synthesis of (2’–5’)-oligo (A) in extracts of interferon-treated HeLa cells. J. Biol. Chem., 254:5058, 1979.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Schattner, A., Wallach, D., Merlin, G., Hahn, T., Levin, S., and Revel, M. Assay of an interferon-induced enzyme in white blood cells as a diagnostic and in viral diseases. Lancet, ii:497, 1981.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  47. Morag, A., Tobi, M., Ravid, Z., Schattner, A., and Revel, M. Elevated [2’–5’]-oligo A synthetase activity in patients with prolonged illness associated with serological evidence of persistent EBV infection. Lancet, i:744, 1982.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  48. Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine. 9th Edition Eds. Isselbacher, Adams, Braunwald, Petersdorf, and Wilson. 10: Chills and Fever. R.G. Petersdorf, pp. 60–67, 1980.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Author notes

  1. Martin Tobi

    Present address: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory Immunology, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20205, USA

    Martin Tobi

  2. Division of Clinical Virology, Section of Virology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel

    Abraham Morag

Authors
  1. Martin Tobi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Abraham Morag
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA

    David T. Purtilo

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1984 Plenum Publishing Corporation

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Tobi, M., Morag, A. (1984). Chronic Mononucleosis. In: Purtilo, D.T. (eds) Immune Deficiency and Cancer. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-4760-6_17

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-4760-6_17

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-4762-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-4760-6

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation