Abstract
Study of human tissues using 31P Topical Magnetic Resonance is completely atraumatic; it allows simultaneous measurement of the concentrations of many important metabolites and of intracellular pH. In some critical situations, TMR yields more accurate results than those obtained by chemical analysis of tissue biopsies. We have shown that TMR can be calibrated to obtain quantitative measurements in human subjects. We have also shown that theories of control of glycolysis based on regulation by key metabolites of rate-limiting enzymes are inconsistent with the observed changes in intact muscle.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Atkinson, D.E. (1977). In: Cellular Energy Metabolism and its Regulation. Academic Press. New York.
Bendat, J.S. and Piersol, A.G. (1971). In: Random Data Analysis and Measurement Procedures. Wiley-Inter Science, New York. pp. 122–125.
Block, R.J. and Weiss, K.W. (1956). In: Amino Acid Handbook: Methods and Results of Protein Analysis. Charles Thomas. p. 343. Table 5.
Campbell, I.D., Dobson, C.M., Williams, R.J.P. and Xavier, A.V. (1973). Resolution enhancement of protein PMR spectra using the difference between a broadened and a normal spectrum. J. Mag. Res. 11: 172–181.
Chalovich, T.M., Burt, C.T., Danon, M.J., Glonek, T. and Barâny, M. (1979). Phosphodiesters in muscular dystrophies. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 317: 649–668.
Dawson, M.J., Gadian, D.G. and Wilkie, D.R. (1977). Contraction and recovery of living muscle studied by 31P nuclear magnetic resonance. J. Physiol. 267: 703–735.
Dawson, M.J., Gadian, D.G. and Wilkie, D.R. (1978). Muscular fatigue investigated by phosphorus nuclear magnetic resonance. Nature 274: 861–868.
Dawson, M.J., Gadian, D.G. and Wilkie, D.R. (1980). Studies of the biochemistry of contracting and relaxing muscle by the use of 31F n.m.r. in conjunction with other techniques. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B289: 445–455.
Dawson, M.J. (1983). Nuclear magnetic resonance. In: Cardiac Metabolism. Ed. A.J. Drake-Holland and M.I.M. Noble. Wiley and Sons Ltd. pp. 309–337.
Diem, K. (1962). Documenta Geigy Scientific Tables. 6th edition. Geigy Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd. Manchester. p. 172.
Edwards, R.H.T., Harris, R.C. and Jones, D.A. (1981). The biochemistry of muscle biopsy in man: clinical applications. Recent Adv. in Clin. Biochem. 2: 243–269.
Edwards, R.H.T., Dawson, M.J., Wilkie, D.R., Gordon, R.E. and Shaw, D. (1982a). Clinical use of nuclear magnetic resonance in the investigation of myopathy Lancet, March 27, 1982, pp. 725–731.
Edwards, R.H.T., Wilkie, D.R., Dawson, M.J., Gordon, R.E. and Shaw, D. (1982b). Measurement of muscle pH and intermediary metabolism by 31P topical magnetic resonance (TMR) in normal subjects and patients with myopathy. European Society for Clinical Investigation. Annual Meeting Luxembourg, 15–17 April, 1982.
Gadian, D.G., Radda, G.K., Brown, T.R., Chance, E.M., Dawson, M.J. and Wilkie, D.R. (1981). The activity of creatine kinase in frog skeletal muscle studied by saturation-transfer nuclear magnetic resonance. Biochem J. 194: 215–228.
Gordon, R.E., Hanley, P.E., Shaw, D., Gadian, D.G., Radda, G.K., Styles, P., Bore, P.J. and Chan, L. (1980). Localization of metabolites in animals using 31P topical magnetic resonance. Nature 287: 736–738.
Haljamae, H. and Enger, E. (1975). Human skeletal muscle energy metabolism during and after complete tourniquet ischemia. Ann. Surg. 182: 9–14.
Harris, R.C., Hultman, E, and Nordesjö, L.-O. (1974). Glycogen, glycolytic intermediates and high-energy phosphates determined in biopsy samples of musculus quadriceps femoris of man at rest. Methods and variance of values. Scand. J. Clin. Lab. Invest. 33: 109–120.
Harris, R.C., Edwards, R.H.T., Hultman, E., Nordesjö, L-O., Nylind, B. and Sahlin, K. (1976). The time course of phosphorylcreatine resynthesis during recovery of the quadriceps muscle in man Pflugers Archiv. 367: 137–142.
Henderson, T.O., Costello, A.J.R. and Omachi, A. (1974). Phosphate metabolism in intact human erythrocytes: determination by phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 71: 2487–2490.
Huxley, T.H. (1885). Presidential address. Proc. Roy. Soc. 39: 294.
Kastenschmidt, L.L. (1970). The metabolism of muscle as a food. Physiology and Biochemistry of Muscle as a Food. E. Briskey, Cassens, Marsh. Univ. of Wisconsin Press. Vol. 2, pp. 735–753.
Kretzschmar, K.M. and Wilkie, D.R. (1989). A new approach to freezing tissues rapidly. J. Physiol. 202: 66–87 P.
Kretzschmar, K.M. (1970). Energy production and chemical change during muscular contraction. Ph.D. Thesis. Univ. of London. p. 126 and Table 3.
Lehninger, A.L. (1975). Biochemistry. 2nd Ed. Worth Publishers Inc., New York, N.Y. p. 425.
Newsholme, E.A. and Start, C. (1973). Regulation in Metabolism. John Wiley and Sons, London.
Opie, L.H. (1976). II Metabolic regulation in ischemia and hypoxia. Supp. 1. Circ. Res. 38: 1–52 1–174.
Sahlin, K., Harris, R.C. and Hultman, E. (1975). Creatine kinase equilibrium and lactate content compared with muscle pH in tissue samples obtained after isometric exercise. Biochem. J. 152: 173–180.
Sahlin, K., Palmskog, G. and Hultman, E. (1978). Adenine nucleotide and IMP contents of the quadriceps muscle in man after exercise. Pflugers Arch. 374: 193–198
Spector, W.S. Editor (1956). Handbook of Biological Data. Wright Air Development Center Technical Report 56–273. United States Air Force, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio.
Stryer, L. (1981). Biochemistry. 2nd ed. W.H. Freeman and Co., San Francisco. p. 299.
Wilkie, D.R. (1981a). Comment At Royal Society Meeting “The Enzymes of Glycolysis: Structure, Activity and Evolution”. Oct. 16, 1980. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B293: 40–41.
Wilkie, D.R. (1981b). Shortage of chemical fuel as a cause of fatigue: studies by nuclear magnetic resonance and bicycle ergometry. CIBA Foundation Symposium No. 82, Human Muscle Fatigue: Physiological Mechanisms. Pitman Medical, London.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1984 Plenum Press, New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Wilkie, D.R., Dawson, M.J., Edwards, R.H.T., Gordon, R.E., Shaw, D. (1984). 31P NMR Studies of Resting Muscle in Normal Human Subjects. In: Pollack, G.H., Sugi, H. (eds) Contractile Mechanisms in Muscle. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 37. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-4703-3_28
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-4703-3_28
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-4705-7
Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-4703-3
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive