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Kinetic Regulation of Catalytic and Transport Activities in Sarcoplasmic Reticulum ATPase

  • Chapter
The Enzymes of Biological Membranes

Abstract

The cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration is generally several orders of magnitude lower than that of extracellular fluids. This gradient must be maintained by energy-dependent transport mechanisms located in the cell membrane. In addition, intracellular membranous structures may form compartments which serve as Ca2+ sinks and reservoirs inside the cell. In some tissues, in which specific functional controls require rapid Ca2+ delivery to, and sequestration from, the cytoplasm, these intracellular systems are developed to a highly differentiated and prominent degree. A prime example is the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) of fast striated muscles. The membrane of the sarcoplasmic reticulum can be isolated in vesicular form from muscle homogenates by differential centrifugation. When suspended in a medium containing ATP and Mg2+, these vesicles reduce the Ca2+ concentration of the medium from 10−4 M to less than 10−7 M, which is the level found in the cytosol of living muscle cells in a resting state. This was discovered, independently, by Hasselbach and Makinose (1962) and Ebashi and Lipman (1962).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, 21201, USA

    Giuseppe Inesi

  2. Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas, Departamento de Bioquimica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21910, Brasil

    Leopoldo de Meis

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  1. Giuseppe Inesi
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  2. Leopoldo de Meis
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  1. State University of New York, Syracuse, New York, USA

    Anthony N. Martonosi

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© 1985 Plenum Press, New York

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Inesi, G., de Meis, L. (1985). Kinetic Regulation of Catalytic and Transport Activities in Sarcoplasmic Reticulum ATPase. In: Martonosi, A.N. (eds) The Enzymes of Biological Membranes. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-4601-2_4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-4601-2_4

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