Skip to main content

The Induction of Resistance to Alkylation Damage in Mammalian Cells

  • Chapter
Induced Mutagenesis

Part of the book series: Basic Life Sciences ((BLSC,volume 15))

Abstract

We are continuously exposed to non-toxic levels of carcinogens both from our environment and from our diet. It would therefore seem important to determine how cells respond to this particular kind of treatment. Some years ago, an attempt to simulate this chronic environmental exposure to mutagens revealed the existence of an inducible antimutagenic DNA repair pathway in E. coli — the adaptive DNA repair pathway (1). The obvious progression from finding a new type of DNA repair in E. coli was to ask whether an equivalent pathway exists in mammalian cells, and ultimately whether it exists in human cells. We now have good biological evidence for the existence of an adaptive DNA repair pathway in cultured rodent and human cell lines (2). In order to set the scene for our recent findings in mammalian cells, we should first consider what is presently known about E. coli adaptation.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Samson, L. and Cairns, J: A new pathway for DNA repair in Escherichia cola. Nature (London), 267: 281 (1977).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Samson, L. and Schwartz, J.L: Evidence for an adaptive DNA repair pathway in Chinese hamster ovary and human skin fibroblast cell lines. Nature, 287: 861 (1980).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Jeggo, P., Defais, M., Samson, L. and Schendel, P: An adaptive response of E. coli to low levels of alkylating agent: Comparison with previously characterized DNA repair pathways. Molec. gen. Genet., 157: 1 (1977).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Samson, L: Studies on mutagenesis in Escherichia coli. Ph.D. Thesis, University of London (1978).

    Google Scholar 

  5. Jeggo, P., Defais, M., Samson, L. and Schendel, P: The adaptive response of E. coli to low levels of alkylating agent: The role of pol A in killing adaptation. Molec. gen. Genet., 162: 299 (1978).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Jeggo, P: Isolation and characterization of E. coli K-12 mutants unable to induce the adaptive response to simple alkylating agents. J. Bact., 139: 783 (1979).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Baker, R.M., Van Voorhis, W.C. and Spencer, L.A: HeLa cell variants that differ in sensitivity to monofunctional alkylating agents, with independence of cytotoxic and mutagenic responses. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 76: 5249 (1979).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Lawley, P.D. and Thatcher, C-J: Methylation of DNA in cultured mammalian cells by N-methyl-N’-nitro-nitroseguanidine. Biochem. J., 116: 693 (1970).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Loveless, A: Possible relevance of 0–6 alkylation of deoxyguanosine to the mutagenicity and carcinogenicity of nitrosamines and nitrosamides. Nature, 233: 206 (1969).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Gerchman, L. and Ludlum, D.B: The properties of 06-methylguanine in templates for DNA polymerase. Biochim. biophys. Acta 308: 310 (1973).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Goth, R. and Rajewsky, M.F: Persistence of 06-ethylguanine in rat-brain DNA: correlation with nervous system-specific carcinogenesis by ethylnitrosourea. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 71: 639 (1974).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Schendel, P-F and Robins, P.E: Repair of 06-methylguanine in adapted E. coli. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 75: 6017 (1978).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Robins, P. and Cairns, J: Quantitation of the adaptive response to alkylating agents. Nature, 280: 74 (1979).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Cairns, J: Efficiency of the adaptive response of E. coli to alkylating agents. Nature, 286: 176 (1980).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Karran, P., Lindahl, T. and Griffin, B: Adaptive response to alkylating agents involves alteration in situ of 06-methylguanine residues in DNA. Nature, 280: 76 (1979).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Foote, R.S., Mitra, S. and Pal, B.C: Demethylation of 06methylguanine in a synthetic DNA polymer by an inducible activity in E. cola. Submitted to Biochem. biophys. Acta.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Olsson, M. and Lindahl, T: Repair of alkylated DNA in E. coli. J. Biol. Chem., 255: 10569 (1980).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Lindahl, T: DNA methyltransferase acting on 06-methylguanine residues in adapted E. coli in Chromosome Damage and Repair, Ed. by E. Seeberg. Plenum Press, in press.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Schendel, P.F., Defais, M., Jeggo, P., Samson, L. and Cairns, J: Pathways of mutagenesis and repair in Escherichia coli exposed to low levels of simple alkylating agents. J. Bact., 135: 466 (1978).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Lindahl, T: Personal communication.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Montesano, R., Bresil, H. and Margison, G.P: Increased excision of 06-methylguanine from rat liver DNA after chronic administration of dimethylnitrosamine. Cancer Res., 39: 1798 (1979).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Montesano, R., Bresil, H., Planch-Martel, G.P. and Pegg, A.E: Effect of chronic treatment of rats with dimethylnitrosamine on the removal of 06-methylguanine from DNA. Cancer Res., 40: 452 (1980).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of the Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Humans. 1:95 (1972).

    Google Scholar 

  24. Carrano, A.V., Thompson, L.H., Lindl, P.A. and Minkler, J.L: Sister chromatid exchange as an indicator of mutagenesis. Nature, 271: 551 (1978).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Wolf, S., Rodin, B. and Cleaver, J.E: Sister chromatid exchanges induced by mutagenic carcinogens in normal and xeroderma pigmentosum cells. Nature, 265: 347 (1977).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Jensen, E.M., LaPolla, R.J., Kirby, P.E. and Haworth, S.R: In vitro studies of chemical mutagens and carcinogens. 1. Stability studies in cell culture medium. J. Natl. Cancer Inst., 59: 941 (1977).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Bodell, W.J. and Banerjee, M.R: Reduced DNA repair in mouse satellite DNA after treatment with methylmethansulphonate and methylnitrosourea. Nucl. Acids Res., 3: 1689. (1976).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Wolf, S. and Perry, P: Differential giemsa staining of sister chromatids and the study of sister chromatid exchanges without autoradiography. Chromosoma, 48: 341 (1974).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Jostes, R., Samson, L. and Schwartz, J.L: Kinetics of mutation and sister-chromatid exchange induction by ethylmethanesulphonate in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Mutation Res., 91: 255 (1981).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Warren, W., Carthorn, A.R. and Shooter, K.V: The stability of methylated purines and of methylphosphotriesters in the DNA of V79 cells after treatment with N-methyl-N-nitrosourea. Biochim. biophys. Acta, 563: 82 (1979).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Goth-Goldstein, R: Inability of Chinese hamster ovary cells to excise 06-alkylguanine. Cancer Res., 40: 2623 (1980).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Lewis, J. G. and Swenberg, J. A.: Differential repair of 06-methylguanine in DNA of rat hepatocytes and nonparenchymal cells. Nature, 286: 185 (1980).

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1983 Plenum Press, New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Samson, L., Schwartz, J.L. (1983). The Induction of Resistance to Alkylation Damage in Mammalian Cells. In: Lawrence, C.W. (eds) Induced Mutagenesis. Basic Life Sciences, vol 15. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-4382-0_12

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-4382-0_12

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-4384-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-4382-0

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics