Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Perinatal Hormones and Their Role in the Development of Sexually Dimorphic Behaviors

  • Chapter
Book cover Neuroendocrinology of Reproduction

Abstract

In the previous chapter, we saw that steroid hormones have long been known to play an important role in the morphological differentiation of genital tissues. It is only more recently that the idea of an influence of steroids on the differentiation of neural substrates for sexual behavior has been brought forward and systematically examined. The purpose of this chapter is to survey the evidence on which the notion of behavioral differentiation is based. But first, let us ask why the idea that perinatal steroids affect the differentiation of neural tissues regulating adult behavior has been so slow to take root. Three major conceptual confusions can be cited as obstacles.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Anderson, C. O., Zarrow, M. X., and Denenberg, V. H., 1970, Maternal behavior in the rabbit: Effects of androgen treatment during gestation upon the nest-building behavior of the mother and her offspring, Horm. Behav. 1:337.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Arén-Engelbrektsson, B., Larsson, K., Södersten, P., and Wilhelmsson, M., 1970, The female lordosis pattern induced in male rats by estrogen, Horm. Behav. 1:181.

    Google Scholar 

  • Attal, J., 1969, Levels of testosterone, androstenedione, estrone and estradiol-17β in the testes of fetal sheep, Endocrinology 85:280.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ball, J., 1937, Sex activity of castrated male rats increased by estrin administration, J. Comp. Psychol 24:135.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barraclough, C. A., and Gorski, R. A., 1961, Evidence that the hypothalamus is responsible for androgen-induced sterility in the female rat, Endocrinology 68:68.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Barraclough, C. A., and Gorski, R. A., 1962, Studies on mating behaviour in the androgen-sterilized female rat in relation to the hypothalamic regulation of sexual behaviour, J. Endocrinol. 25:175.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Beach, F. A., 1945, Hormonal induction of mating responses in a rat with congenital absence of gonadal tissue, Anat. Rec. 92:289.

    Google Scholar 

  • Beach, F. A., 1947, Evolutionary changes in the physiological control of mating behavior in mammals, Psychol. Rev. 54:297.

    Google Scholar 

  • Beach, F. A., 1948, Hormones and Behavior ,Paul B. Hoeber, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Beach, F. A., 1971, Hormonal factors controlling the differentiation, development, and display of copulatory behavior in the ramstergig and related species, in: The Biopsychology of Development (E. Tobach, L. R. Aronson, and E. Shaw, eds.), pp. 249–295, Academic Press, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Beach, F. A., and Holz, A. M., 1946, Mating behavior in male rats castrated at various ages and injected with androgen, J. Exp. Zool. 101:91.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Beach, F. A., and Kuehn, R. E., 1970, Coital behavior in dogs. X. Effects of androgenic stimulation during development on feminine mating responses in females and males, Horm. Behav. 1:347.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Beach, F. A., and Rasquin, P., 1942, Masculine copulatory behavior in intact and castrated female rats, Endocrinology 31:393.

    Google Scholar 

  • Beach, F. A., Noble, R. G., and Orndoff, R. K., 1969, Effects of perinatal androgen treatment on responses of male rats to gonadal hormones in adulthood, J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol. 68:490.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Beatty, W. A., and Beatty, P. A. ,1970, Hormonal determinants of sex differences in avoidance behavior and reactivity to electric shock in the rat, J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol. 73:446.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bell, D. D., and Zucker, I., 1971, Sex differences in body weight and eating: Organization and activation by gonadal hormones in the rat, Physiol Behav. 7:27.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bermant, G., and Davidson, J. M., 1974, Biological Bases of Sexual Behavior ,Harper & Row, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Black, M., 1962, Models and Metaphors. Studies in Language and Philosophy ,Cornell University Press, Ithaca.

    Google Scholar 

  • Blizard, D. A., Lippman, H. R., and Chen, J. J., 1975, Sex differences in open-field behavior in the rat: The inductive and activational role of gonadal hormones, Physiol. Behav. 14:601.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bridges, R. S., Zarrow, M. X., and Denenberg, V. H., 1973, The role of neonatal androgen in the expression of hormonally induced maternal responsiveness in the adult rat, Horm. Behav. 4:315.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bronson, F. H., and Desjardins, C., 1970, Neonatal androgen administration and adult aggressiveness in female mice, Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. 15:320.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brown-Grant, K., 1974, On “critical periods” during the post-natal development of the rat, in: Endocrinologie Sexuelle de la Periode Perinatale (M. G. Forest and J. Bertrand, eds.), pp. 357–375, INSERM, Paris.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brown-Grant, K., 1975, A re-examination of the lordosis response in female rats given high doses of testosterone propionate or estradiol benzoate in the neonatal period, Horm. Behav. 6:351.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Campbell, H. J. ,1965, Effects of neonatal injection of hormones on sexual behaviour and reproduction in the rabbit, J. Physiol. (Lond.) 181:568.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Carter, C. S., and Landauer, M. R., 1975, Neonatal hormone experience and adult lordosis and fighting in the golden hamster, Physiol. Behav. 14:1.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Carter, C. S., Clemens, L. G., and Hoekema, D. J., 1972, Neonatal androgen and adult sexual behavior in the golden hamster, Physiol. Behav. 9:89.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Christensen, L. W., and Gorski, R. A., 1975, Neonatal steroid implants and adult sexual behavior (abstr.), Eastern Conference on Reproductive Behavior (May, 1975), Nags Head, North Carolina.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clayton, R. B., Kogura, J., and Kraemer, H. C., 1970, Sexual differentiation of the brain: Effects of testosterone on brain RNA metabolism in newborn female rats, Nature 226:810.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Clemens, L. G., 1973, Development and behavior, in: Comparative Psychology (D. A. Dewsbury and D. A. Rethlingshafer, eds.), pp. 238–268, McGraw-Hill, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clemens, L. G., and Coniglio, L., 1971, Influence of prenatal litter composition on mounting behavior of female rats (abstr.), Aw. Zool. 11:617.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clemens, L. G., Shryne, J., and Gorski, R. A., 1970, Androgen and development of progesterone responsiveness in male and female rats, Physiol. Behav. 5:673.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Collingwood, R. G., 1958, The Principles of Art ,Galaxy, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Coniglio, L. P., Paup, D. C., and Clemens, L. G., 1973, Hormonal factors controlling the development of sexual behavior in the male golden hamster, Physiol. Behav. 10:1087.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dantchakoff, V., 1938a, Rôle des hormones dans la manifestation des instincts sexuels, C. R. Acad.[D] (Paris) 206:945.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dantchakoff, V., 1938b, Sur les effets de l’hormone male dans une jeune cobaye femelle traité depuis un stade embryonnaire (inversions sexuelles), C. R. Soc. Biol. (Paris) 127:1255.

    Google Scholar 

  • Davidson, J. M., 1969, Effects of estrogen on the sexual behavior of male rats, Endocrinology 84:1365.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Davidson, J. M., and Levine, S., 1969, Progesterone and heterotypical sexual behaviour in male rats, J. Endocrinol. 44:129.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Denef, C., and De Moor, P., 1972, Sexual differentiation of steroid metabolizing enzymes in the rat liver. Further studies on predetermination by testosterone at birth, Endocrinology 91:374.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Diamond, M., 1965, A critical evaluation of the ontogeny of human sexual behavior, Q. Rev. Biol. 40:147.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Döhler, K. D., and Wuttke, W., 1975, Changes with age in levels of serum gonadotropins, prolactin, and gonadal steroids in prepubertal male and female rats, Endocrinology 97:898.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dorfman, R. I., 1967, The antiestrogenic and antiandrogenic activities of progesterone in the defense of a normal fetus, Anat. Rec. 157:547.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dörner, G., and Staudt, J., 1969, Structural changes in the hypothalamic ventromedial nucleus of the male rat, following neonatal castration and androgen treatment, Neuroendocrinology 4:278.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Eaton, G., 1970, Effect of a single prepubertal injection of testosterone propionate on adult bisexual behavior of male hamsters castrated at birth, Endocrinology 87:934.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Edwards, D. A., 1968, Mice: Fighting by neonatally androgenized females, Science 161:1027.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Edwards, D. A., 1969, Early androgen stimulation and aggressive behavior in male and female mice, Physiol. Behav. 4:333.

    Google Scholar 

  • Edwards, D. A., 1970, Post-neonatal androgenization and adult aggressive behavior in female mice, Physiol. Behav. 5:465.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Edwards, D. A., and Burge, K. G., 1971, Early androgen treatment and male and female sexual behavior in mice, Horm. Behav. 2:49.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Emery, D. E., and Sachs, B. D., 1975, Ejaculatory pattern in female rats without androgen treatment, Science 190:484.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Feder, H. H., 1967, Specificity of testosterone and estradiol in the differentiating neonatal rat, Anat. Rec. 157:79.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Feder, H. H., and Whalen, R. E., 1965, Feminine behavior in neonatally castrated and estrogen-treated male rats, Science 147:306.

    Google Scholar 

  • Flerkó, B., Mess, B., and Illei-Donhoffer, A., 1969, On the mechanism of androgen sterilization, Neuroendocrinology 4:164.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fox, T. O., 1975, Oestradiol receptor of neonatal mouse brain, Nature 258:441.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gandelman, R., Vom Saal, F. S., and Reinisch, J. M., 1977, Contiguity to male foetuses affects morphology and behaviour of female mice, Nature 266:722.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gerall, A. A., and Kenny, A. McM., 1970, Neonatally androgenized female’s responsiveness to estrogen and progesterone, Endocrinology 87:560.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gerall, A. A., and Ward, I. L., 1966, Effects of prenatal exogenous androgen on the sexual behavior of the female albino rat, J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol. 62:370.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gerall, A. A., Dunlap, J. L., and Wagner, J. W., 1976, Effects of dihydrotestosterone and gonadotropins on the development of female behavior, Physiol. Behav. 17:121.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Goldfoot, D. A., Feder, H. H., and Goy, R. W., 1969, Development of bisexuality in the male rat treated neonatally with androstenedione, J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol. 67:41.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Goodale, H. D., 1918, Feminized male birds, Genetics 3:276.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gorski, R. A., 1971, Gonadal hormones and the perinatal development of neuroendocrine function, in: Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology (L. Martini and W. F. Ganong, eds.), pp. 237–290, Oxford University Press, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gorski, R. A., and Barraclough, C. A., 1963, Effects of low dosages of androgen on the differentiation of hypothalamic regulatory control of ovulation in the rat, Endocrinology 73:210.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Goy, R. W., 1970, Experimental control of psychosexuality, Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. [B] 259: 149.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Goy, R. W., and Goldfoot, D. A., 1973, Hormonal influences on sexually dimorphic behavior, in: Handbook of Physiology ,Sect. 7, Vol. 2, Part 1 (R. O. Greep, ed.), pp. 169–186, American Physiological Society, Washington.

    Google Scholar 

  • Goy, R. W., and Resko, J. A, 1972, Gonadal hormones and behavior of normal pseudo-hermaphroditic nonhuman female primates, Recent Prog. Horm. Res. 28:707.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Goy, R. W., Bridson, W. E., and Young, W. C., 1964, Period of maximal susceptibility of the prenatal female guinea pig to masculinizing actions of testosterone propionate, J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol. 57:166.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Goy, R. W., Phoenix, C. H., and Meidinger, R., 1967, Postnatal development of sensitivity to estrogen and androgen in male, female and pseudohermaphroditic guinea pigs, Anat. Rec. 157:87.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Grady, K. L., Phoenix, C. H., and Young, W. C., 1965, Role of the developing rat testis in differentiation of the neural tissues mediating mating behavior, J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol. 59:176.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gray, J. A., Lean, J., and Keynes, A., 1969, Infant androgen treatment and adult open-field behavior: Direct effects and effects of injections to siblings, Physiol. Behav. 4:177.

    Google Scholar 

  • Green, R., Luttge, W. G., and Whalen, R. E., 1969, Uptake and retention of tritiated estradiol in brain and peripheral tissues of male, female, and neonatally androgenized female rats, Endocrinology 85:373.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Harris, G. W., and Levine, S., 1965, Sexual differentiation of the brain and its experimental control, J. Physiol. (Lond.) 181:379.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hart, B. L., 1968, Neonatal castration: Influence on neural organization of sexual reflexes in male rats, Science 160:1135.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hart, B. L., 1972, Manipulation of neonatal androgen: Effects on sexual responses and penile development in male rats, Physiol. Behav. 8:841.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hauser, G. A., 1963, Testicular feminization, in: Intersexuality (C. Overzier, ed.), pp. 255–276, Academic Press, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hitt, J. C., Hendricks, S. E., Ginsberg, S. I., and Lewis, J. H., 1970, Disruption of male but not female sexual behavior in rats by medial forebrain bundle lesions, J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol. 73:377.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jakubczak, L. F., 1964, The effects of testosterone propionate on age differences in mating behavior, J. Gerontol. 19:458.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kraulis, I., and Clayton, R. B., 1968, Sexual differentiation of testosterone metabolism exemplified by the accumulation of 3β, 17α-dihydroxy-5α-androstane-3-sulfate as a metabolite of testosterone in the castrated rat, J. Biol. Chem. 243:3546.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kreček, J., Pánek, M., Salátová, J., and Zicha, J., 1975, The pineal gland and the effect of neonatal administration of androgen upon the development of spontaneous salt and water intake in female rats, Neuroendocrinology 18:137.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ladosky, W., and Gaziri, L. C. J., 1970, Brain serotonin and sexual differentiation of the nervous system, Neuroendocrinology 6:168.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Leathem, J. H., 1961, Nutritional effects on endocrine secretions, in: Sex and Internal Secretions ,Third Edition (W. C. Young, ed.), pp. 666–704, Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee, C. T., and Griffo, W., 1973, Early androgenization and aggression pheromone in inbred mice, Homn. Behav. 4:181.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Levine, S., and Mullins, R., Jr., 1964, Estrogen administered neonatally affects adult sexual behavior in male and female rats, Science 144:185.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lieberburg, I., and McEwen, B. S., 1975, Estradiol-17)8: A metabolite of testosterone recovered in cell nuclei from limbic areas of neonatal rat brains, Brain Res. 85:165.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Litteria, M., 1973, Inhibitory action of neonatal androgenization on the incorporation of (3H)-lysine in specific hypothalamic nuclei of the adult female rat, Exp. Neurol. 41:395.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Litteria, M., and Thorner, M. W., 1974, Inhibition in the incorporation of 3H-lysine in the Purkinje cells of the adult female rat after neonatal androgenization, Brain Res. 69:170.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Luttge, W. G., and Hall, N. R., 1973, Differential effectiveness of testosterone and its metabolites in the induction of male sexual behavior in two strains of albino mice, Horm. Behav. 4:31.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • MacKinnon, P. C. B., 1970, A comparison of protein synthesis in the brains of mice before and after puberty, J. Physiol. (Lond.) 210:10P.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Martins, T., and Valle, J. R., 1948, Hormonal regulation of the micturition behavior of the dog, J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol. 41:301.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Maurer, R., and Woolley, D., 1971, Distribution of 3H-estradiol in clomiphene treated and neonatally androgenized rats, Endocrinology 88:1281.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McDonald, P. G., and Doughty, C., 1972, Inhibition of androgen-sterilization in the female rat by administration of an anti-oestrogen, J. Endocrinol. 55:455.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McEwen, B. S., and Pfaff, D. W., 1970, Factors influencing sex hormone uptake by rat brain regions. I. Effects of neonatal treatment, hypophysectomy, and competing steroids, Brain Res. 21:1.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McGill, T. E., and Haynes, C. M., 1973, Heterozygosity and retention of ejaculatory reflex after castration in male mice, J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol. 84:423.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McGuire, J. L., and Lisk, R. D., 1969, Oestrogen receptors in androgen or oestrogen sterilized female rats, Nature 221:1068.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Meijs-Roelofs, H. M. A., Uilenbroek, J. T. J., de Jong, F. H., and Welschen, R., 1973, Plasma oestradiol-17β and its relationship to serum follicle-stimulating hormone in immature female rats, J. Endocrinol. 59:295.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Money, J., and Ehrhardt, A. A., 1972a, Man and Woman Boy and Girl ,Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore.

    Google Scholar 

  • Money, J., and Ehrhardt, A. A., 1972b, Gender dimorphic behavior and fetal sex hormones, Recent Prog. Horm. Res. 28:735.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nadler, R. D., 1968, Masculinization of female rats by intracranial implantation of androgen in infancy, J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol. 66:157.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nadler, R. D., 1975, Sexual cyclicity in captive lowland gorillas, Science 189:813.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Naftolin, F., Morishita, H., Davies, I. J., Todd, R., Ryan, K.J., and Fishman, J., 1975, 2-Hydroxyestrone induced rise in serum luteinizing hormone in the immature male rat, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 64:905.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Noumura, T., Weisz, J., and Lloyd, C. W., 1966, In vitro conversion of 7-3H-progesterone to androgens by the rat testis during the second half of fetal life, Endocrinology 78:245.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nunez, E., Engelmann, F., Benassayag, C., and Jayle, M.-F., 1971, Identification et purification préliminaire de la foeto-protéine liant les oestrogenes dans le serum de rats nouveau-nés, C. R. Acad. Sci. [D] (Paris) 273:831.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Paup, D. C., Coniglio, L. P., and Clemens, L. G., 1972, Masculinization of the female golden hamster by neonatal treatment with androgen or estrogen, Horm. Behav. 3:123.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pfaff, D. W., 1966, Morphological changes in the brains of adult male rats after neonatal castration, J. Endocrinol. 36:415.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pfaff, D., 1970, Nature of sex hormone effects on rat sex behavior: Specificity of effects and individual patterns of response, J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol. 73:349.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pfaff, D. W., and Zigmond, R. E., 1971, Neonatal androgen effects on sexual and nonsexual behavior of adult rats tested under various hormone regimes, Neuroendocrinology 7:129.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Phoenix, C. H., Goy, R. W., Gerall, A. A., and Young, W. C., 1959, Organizing action of prenatally administered testosterone propionate on the tissues mediating mating behavior in the female guinea pig, Endocrinology 65:369.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Plapinger, L., McEwen, B. S., and Clemens, L. E., 1973, Ontogeny of estradiol-binding sites in rat brain. II. Characteristics of a neonatal binding macromolecule, Endocrinology 93:1129.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Plapinger, L., Landau, I. T., McEwen, B. S., and Feder, H. H., 1977, Characteristics of estradiol-binding macromolecules in fetal and adult guinea pig brain cytosols, Biol. Reprod. 16:586.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Quadagno, D. M., and Rockwell, J., 1972, The effect of gonadal hormones in infancy on maternal behavior in the adult rat, Horm. Behav. 3:55.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Raisman, G., and Field, P. M., 1973, Sexual dimorphism in the neuropil of the preoptic area of the rat and its dependence on neonatal androgen, Brain Res. 54:1.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Raynaud, J.-P., Mercier, B. C., and Baulieu, E. E., 1971, Rat estradiol binding plasma protein (EBP), Steroids 18:767.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Reddy, V. V. R., Naftolin, F., and Ryan, K.J., 1974, Conversion of androstenedione to estrone by neural tissues from fetal and neonatal rats, Endocrinology 94:117.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Resko, J. A., 1970, Androgen secretion by the fetal and neonatal rhesus monkey, Endocrinology 87:680.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Resko, J. A., Feder, H. H., and Goy, R. W., 1968, Androgen concentration in plasma and testis of developing rats, J. Endocrinol. 40:485.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Revesz, C., Kernaghan, D., and Bindra, D., 1963, Sexual drive of female rats “masculinized” by testosterone during gestation, J. Endocrinol. 25:549.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rosenberg, K. M., and Sherman, G. F., 1975, The role of testosterone in the organization, maintenance and activation of pup-killing behavior in the male rat, Horm. Behav. 6:173.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rosenblatt, J. S., and Aronson, L. R., 1958, The decline of sexual behavior in male cats after castration with special reference to the role of prior sexual experience, Behaviour 12:285.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sand, K., 1919, Experiments on the internal secretion of the sexual glands, especially on experimental hermaphroditism, J. Physiol. (Lond.) 53:257.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Savu, L., Vallette, G., Nunez, E., Azrai, M., and Jayle, M.-F., 1974, Etude comparative de la liason entre les proteines ceiques a les oestrogenes libre au cours du développement de diverse especes animales, in: L’ Alphafetoproteine (R. Masseyeff, ed.), pp. 75–83, INSERM, Paris.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sheridan, P. J., Sar, M., and Stumpf, W. E., 1974a, Autoradiographic localization of 3H-estradiol or its metabolites in the central nervous system of the developing rat, Endocrinology 94:1386.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sheridan, P. J., Sar, M., and Stumpf, W. E., 1974b, Interaction of exogenous steroids in the developing rat brain, Endocrinology 95:1749.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shimada, H., and Gorbman, A., 1970, Long lasting changes in RNA synthesis in the forebrains of female rats treated with testosterone soon after birth, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 38:423.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Short, R. V., 1974, Sexual differentiation of the brain of the sheep, in: Endocrinologie Sexuelle de la Periode Perinatale (M. G. Forest and J. Bertrand, eds.), pp. 121–142, INSERM, Paris.

    Google Scholar 

  • Singer, J. J., 1968, Control of male and female sexual behavior in the female rat, J. Comp. Physiol.Psychol. 66:738.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Södersten, P., and Larsson, K., 1974, Lordosis behavior in castrated male rats treated with estradiol benzoate or testosterone propionate in combination with an estrogen antagonist, MER-25, and in intact male rats, Horm. Behav. 5:13.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Spemann, H., 1938, Embryonic Development and Induction ,Yale University Press, New Haven.

    Google Scholar 

  • Steinach, E., 1940, Sex and Life ,Viking Press, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stern, J. J., 1969, Neonatal castration, androstenedione, and the mating behavior of the male rat. J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol. 69:608.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stewart, J., Skvarenina, A., and Pottier, J., 1975, Effects of neonatal androgens on open-field behavior and maze learning in the prepubescent and adult rat, Physiol. Behav. 14:291.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Swanson, H.H., 1967, Alteration of sex-typical behavior of hamsters in open-field and emergence tests by neonatal administration of androgen or oestrogen, Anim. Behav. 15:209.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Swanson, H. H., 1971, The origin of sex differences in behaviour in the golden hamster,Brain Res. 34:9.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thiessen, D. D., Friend, H. C., and Lindzey, G., 1968, Androgen control of territorial marking in the Mongolian gerbil, Science 160:432.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thiessen, D. D., Blum, S. L., and Lindzey, G., 1970, A scent marking response associated with the ventral sebaceous gland in the Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus), Anim. Behav. 18:26.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tiefer, L., 1970, Gonadal hormones and mating behavior in the adult golden hamster, Horm. Behav. 1:189.

    Google Scholar 

  • Toran-Allerand, C. D., 1975, Sex hormones and the development of long-term cultures of the newborn mouse hypothalamic/preoptic region (abstr.), The Endocrine Society Program, 57th Meeting, p. 55, The Endocrine Society, Bethesda, Maryland.

    Google Scholar 

  • Turner, J. W., Jr., 1975, Influence of neonatal androgen on the display of territorial marking behavior in the gerbil, Physiol. Behav. 15:265.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Valenstein, E. S., Riss, W., and Young, W. C., 1955, Experiential and genetic factors in the organization of sexual behavior in male guinea pigs, J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol. 48:397.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Velasco, M. E., and Taleisnik, S., 1969, Release of gonadotropins induced by amygdaloid stimulation in the rat, Endocrinology 84:132.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vertes, M., and King, R.J. B., 1971, The mechanism of oestradiol binding in rat hypothalamus: Effect of androgenization, J. Endocrinol. 51:271.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wade, G. N., and Feder, H. H., 1972, l,2-3H-Progesterone uptake by guinea pig brain and uterus: Differential localization, time-course of uptake and metabolism and effects of age, sex, estrogen-priming and competing steroids, Brain Res. 45:525.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wade, G. N., and Zucker, I., 1969, Taste preferences of female rats: Modification by neonatal hormones, food deprivation and prior experience, Physiol. Behav. 4:935.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ward, I. L., 1969, Differential effect of pre-and postnatal androgen on the sexual behavior of intact and spayed female rats, Horm. Behav. 1:25.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ward, I. L., 1972, Prenatal stress feminizes and demasculinizes the behavior of males, Science 175:82.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ward, I. L., and Renz, F. J., 1972, Consequences of perinatal hormone manipulation on the adult sexual behavior of female rats, J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol. 78:349.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ward, I. L., and Weisz, J., 1980, Maternal stress alters plasma testosterone in fetal males, Science 207:328.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Weisz, J., and Gibbs, C., 1974, Metabolites of testosterone in the brain of the newborn female rat after an injection of tritiated testosterone, Neuro endocrinology 14:72.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Weisz, J., and Gunsalus, P., 1973, Estrogen levels in immature female rats: True or spurious-ovarian or adrenal? Endocrinology 93:1057.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Whalen, R. E., and Edwards, D. A., 1967, Hormonal determinants of the development of masculine and feminine behavior in male and female rats, Anat. Rec. 157:173.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Whalen, R. E., and Luttge, W. G., 1971, Perinatal administration of dihydrotestosterone to female rats and the development of reproductive function, Endocrinology 89:1320.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Whalen, R. E., and Massicci, J., 1975, Subcellular analysis of the accumulation of estrogen by the brain of male and female rats, Brain Res. 89:255.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Whalen, R. E., and Nadler, R. D., 1963, Suppression of the development of female mating behavior by estrogen administration in infancy, Science 141:273.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Whalen, R. E., and Rezek, D. L., 1974, Inhibition of lordosis in female rats by subcutaneous implants of testosterone, androstenedione, or dihydrotestosterone in infancy, Horm. Behav. 5:125.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wilson, J. G., 1943, Reproductive capacity of adult female rats treated prepuberally with estrogenic hormone, Anat. Rec. 86:341.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wilson, J. G., and Wilson, H. C., 1943, Reproductive capacity in adult male rats treated prepuberally with androgenic hormone, Endocrinology 33:353.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wilson, J. G., Hamilton, J. B.,and Young, W. C., 1941, Influence of age and presence of the ovaries on reproductive function in rats injected with androgens, Endocrinology 29:784.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Young, W. C, 1961, Hormones and mating behavior, in: Sex and Internal Secretions ,Third Edition (W. C. Young, ed.), pp. 1173–1239, Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore.

    Google Scholar 

  • Young, W. C., Goy, R. W., and Phoenix, C. H., 1964. The hormones and sexual behavior. Broad relationships exist between the gonadal hormones and behavior, Science 143:212.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zucker, I., and Feder, H. H., 1966, The effect of neonatal reserpine treatment on female sex behaviour of rats, J. Endocrinol. 35:423.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Animal Behavior, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey, 07102, USA

    Harvey H. Feder

Authors
  1. Harvey H. Feder
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, USA

    Norman T. Adler

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1981 Plenum Press, New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Feder, H.H. (1981). Perinatal Hormones and Their Role in the Development of Sexually Dimorphic Behaviors. In: Adler, N.T. (eds) Neuroendocrinology of Reproduction. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-3881-9_6

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-3881-9_6

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-3883-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-3881-9

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation