Abstract
A study was conducted to evaluate, improve and optimize ultrasonic techniques for the detection of tight delaminations in composite laminates. Four graphite/epoxy panels were investigated using matched pairs of compression and shear wave ultrasonic transducers of three frequencies (1, 2.25 and 5MHz). Pulse echo and through transmission modes were used and A-scans, C-scans and frequency spectra were analyzed. It was found that the higher frequency (5MHz) compression transducer operated in the pulse-echo mode gave the best results in most cases. Shear wave transducers were found to be cumbersome to use and unsuitable for the cases studied.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
R. C. McMaster, “Nondestructive Testing Handbook,” The Ronald Press, New York (1963).
D. Mool, R. Stephenson, Ultrasonic Inspection of a Boron/Epoxy-Aluminum Composite Panel, Materials Evaluation, 29:7:159–164 (1971).
J. F. Moore, Development of Ultrasonic Testing Techniques for Saturn Honeycomb Heat Shields, Materials Evaluation 25:2:25–32 (1967).
J. B. Whiteside, I. M. Daniel, and R. E. Rowlands, “The Behavior of Advanced Filamentary Composite Plates with Cutouts,” Technical Report AFFDL-TR-73–48, (1973).
J. L. Rose, J. M. Carson, and D. J. Leidel, Ultrasonic Procedures for Inspecting Composite Tubes, “Analysis of the Test Methods for High Modulus Fibers and Composites,” ASTM STP 521, pp 311–325, (1973).
D. E. Pettit, Residual Strength Degradation for Advanced Composites, Interim Tech. Qrtly. Report, LR 28360–5, Lockheed-California Co., for AFFDL, (5 August 1978).
G. P. Sendeckyj, G. E. Maddux, and N. A. Tracy, Comparison of Holographic, Radiographic, and Ultrasonic Techniques for Damage Detection in Composite Materials, ICCM/2 Proc. of 1978 Int’l Conf. on Composite Mat’ls, Toronto, Canada, (16–20 April 1978)
S. V. Kulkarni, R. B. Pipes, R. L. Ramkumar, and W. R. Scott, The Analytical, Experimental and Nondestructive Evaluation of the Criticality of an Interlaminar Defect in a Composite Laminate, ICCM/2 Proc. of 1978 Int’l Conf. on Composite Mat’ls, Toronto, Canada, (16–20 April 1978).
W. C. Harrigan Jr., Ultrasonic Inspection of Graphite/ Aluminum Composites, ICCM/2 Proc. of 1978 Int’l Conf. on Composite Mat’ls, Toronto, Canada, (16–20 April 1978).
J. Krautkrämer, and H. Krautkrämer, “Ultrasonic Testing of Materials”, Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., New York, (1969).
J. R. Frederic, “Ultrasonic Engineering”, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, (1965).
O. R. Gericke, Ultrasonic Spectroscopy, in: “Research Techniques in Nondestructive Testing,” R. S. Sharpe, ed., Academic Press, New York, (1970) pp 31–61.
F. H. Change, R. A. Kline, and J. R. Bell, Ultrasonic Evaluation of Adhesive Bond Strength Using Spectroscopic Techniques, General Dynamics, Fort Worth Dov., Proc. ARPA/ARML Review of Progress in Quantitative NDE, Scripps Inst. of Oceanography, La Jolla, Calif., (18 July 1978).
“Interdisciplinary Program for Quantitative Flaw Detection,” Rockwell Int’l Science Center, Contract No. F33615–74-C-5180, for ARPA/AFML, (Sept. 1975)
A. N. Mucciardi, “Adaptive Nonlinear Signal Processing for Characterization of Ultrasonic NDE Waveforms,” Task 2, Measurement of Subsurface Fatigue Crack Size, Technical Report AFML-TR-76–44, (April 1976).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1980 Plenum Press, New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Schramm, S.W., Daniel, I.M., Hamilton, W.G. (1980). Evaluation of Sensitivity of Ultrasonic Detection of Delaminations in Graphite/Epoxy Laminates. In: Stinchcomb, W.W., Duke, J.C., Henneke, E.G., Reifsnider, K.L. (eds) Mechanics of Nondestructive Testing. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-3857-4_15
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-3857-4_15
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-3859-8
Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-3857-4
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive