Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

The use of Microbial Assay Systems in the Detection of Environmental Mutagens in Complex Mixtures

  • Chapter
Application of Short-Term Bioassays in the Fractionation and Analysis of Complex Environmental Mixtures

Part of the book series: Environmental Science Research ((ESRH,volume 15))

Abstract

Microbial mutagenicity procedures are widely used as prescreens for the detection of environmental agents (10,11) endowed with genetic activity. Because of the remarkably good correlation between mutagenicity in bacteria and the potential for causing cancer in animals (13, 29, 30, 58, 59, 63, 76, 78, 91), these short-term assay procedures are also being used to identify potential environmental carcinogens. Our laboratory has participated in several studies dealing with the development, validation, and evaluation of a number of these short-term assay procedures which have included the following: the Salmonella (7), E. coli WP2 uvrA (17,42) and the multipurpose E. coli (66) mutagenicity assays, the host-mediated assay using Salmonella (51) the DNA repair-deficient E. coli (pol A+/pol A1 ‒) system (83,87), the Saccharomyces cerevisiae mitotic recombination assay (104), and the prophage λ inductest (67).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Abelson PH: The tris controversy. Science 197:113, 1977

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  2. Abramson S, Lewis EB: The detection of mutation in Drosophila melanogaster. In: Chemical Mutagens, Vol. 2 (Hollander A, ed.). New York, Plenum Press, pp 461–487, 1971

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  3. Ames BN: The detection of chemical mutagens with enteric bacteria. In: Chemical Mutagens, Vol. 1 (Hollander A, ed.). New York, Plenum Press, pp 267–282, 1971

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  4. Ames BN: A bacterial system for detecting mutagens and carcinogens. In: Mutagenic Effects of Environmental Contaminants (Sutton HE and Harris MI, eds.). New York, Academic Press, pp 57–66, 1972

    Google Scholar 

  5. Ames BN, Durston WE, Yamasaki E, Lee FD: Carcinogens are mutagen. A simple test system combining liver homo-genates for activation and bacteria for detection. Proc Natl Acad Sci US 70:2281–2285, 1973

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  6. Ames BN, Lee FE, Durston WF: An improved bacterial test system for the detection and classification of mutagens and carcinogens. Proc Natl Acad Sci US 70:782,786, 1973

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  7. Ames BN, McCann J, Yamasaki E: Methods for detecting carcinogens and mutagens with the Salmonella/mammalian-microsome mutagenicity test. Mutat Res 31:347–364, 1975

    Google Scholar 

  8. Anderson MD, Rosenkranz HS: Greenhouse fungicide-Environmental carcinogen? Henry Ford Hosp 22:35–40, 1974

    Google Scholar 

  9. Anonymous: Pesticide photolysates may be carcinogenic. Chem Eng News, Sept 27, 40, 1969

    Google Scholar 

  10. Anonymous: Does this chemical cause cancer in man? Lancet 2:629–630, 1971

    Google Scholar 

  11. Anonymous: Are 90% of cancers preventable? Lancet 1: 685–687, 1977

    Google Scholar 

  12. Anonymous: Ban on flame retardant tris appears imminent. Chem Eng News, April 11, p 8, 1977

    Google Scholar 

  13. Bartsch H: Predictive value of mutagenicity tests in chemical carcinogenesis. Mutat Res 38:177–190, 1976

    Google Scholar 

  14. Berenblum I, Ben-Ishai D, Haran-Ghera N, Lapidot A, Simon E, Trainin N: Skin-initiating action and lung carcinogenesis by derivatives of urethan and related compounds. Biochem Pharmacol 2:168–176, 1959

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Blum A, Ames BN: Flame retardant additives as possible cancer hazards. Science 195:17–22, 1977

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  16. Brem H, Stein B, Rosenkranz HS: The mutagenicity and DNA-modifying effect of haloalkanes. Cancer Res 34: 2576–2579, 1974

    Google Scholar 

  17. Bridges BA: Simple bacterial systems for detecting mutagenic agents. Lab Practice 21:413–419, 1972

    Google Scholar 

  18. Bruce WR, Varghese AJ, Furrer R, Land PC: A mutagen in the feces of normal humans in “Origins of Human Cancer” (Hiatt HH, Watson JD, Winston JA, eds.). New York, Cold Spring Harbor, pp 1641–1646, 1977

    Google Scholar 

  19. Campacci EF, New PB, Tchan YT: Isolation of amitrole-degrading bacteria. Nature 266:164–165, 1977

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  20. Champe SP, Benzer S: Reversal of mutant phenotypes by 5-fluorouracil: An approach to nucleotide sequences in messenger-RNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci US 48:532–546, 1962

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  21. Chrisp CE, Fisher GL, Lammert JE: Mutagenicity of filtrates from respirable coal fly ash. Science 199:73–75, 1977

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  22. Commoner A, Vithayathil J, Henry JI: Detection of metabolic carcinogen intermediates in urine of carcinogen-fed rats by means of bacterial mutagenesis. Nature 249:850–852, 1974

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  23. Conney AH, Burns JJ: Metabolic interaction among environmental chemicals and drugs. Science 178:576–586, 1972

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  24. Conney AH, Pantuck EJ, Hsiao KC, Garland WA, Anderson KE, Alvares AP, Kappas A: Enhanced phenacetin metabolism in human subjects fed charcoal broiled beef. Clin Pharmacol Therap 20:633–642, 1976

    Google Scholar 

  25. Conney AH, Pantuck EJ, Hsiao K C, Kantzman R, Alvares AP, Kappas A: Regulation of drug metabolism in man by environmental chemicals and diet. Federation Proc 36: 1647–1652, 1977

    Google Scholar 

  26. Connor TH, Stoeckel M, Evrard J, Legator MS: The contribution of metronidazole and two metabolites to the mutagenic activity detected in urine of treated humans and mice. Cancer Res 37:629–633, 1977

    Google Scholar 

  27. Crosby DG: The nonmetabolic decomposition of pesticides. Ann NY Acad Sci 160:82–96, 1969

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  28. de Lucia P, Cairns J: Isolation of an E. coli strain with a mutation affecting DNA polymerase. Nature 224: 1164–1166, 1969

    Google Scholar 

  29. de Serres FJ: The utility of short-term tests for mutagenicity. Mutat Res 38:1–2, 1976

    Google Scholar 

  30. de Serres FJ: Prospects for a revolution in the methods of toxicological evaluation. Mutat Res 38:165–176, 1976

    Google Scholar 

  31. de Serres FJ: Mutagenicity of chemical carcinogens. Mutat Res 41:43–50, 1976

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. de Serres FJ: Long-range planning for effective in vitro tests for carcinogenesis. In: Screening Tests in Chemical Carcinogenesis (Montesano R, Bartsch H, Tomates L, eds.). Lyon, IARC Scientific Publications (No. 12),

    Google Scholar 

  33. pp 29–37, 1976

    Google Scholar 

  34. Durston WE, Ames BN: A simple method for the detection of mutagens in urine: Studies with the carcinogen 2-acetyl-aminofluorene. Proc Natl Acad Sci US 71:737–741, 1974

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  35. Epler JL, Hardigree AA, Young JA, Rao TK: Feasibility of application of mutagenicity testing to aqueous environmental effluents. Abstracts, 8th Ann Meeting Amer Environ Mutagen Soc p 47, 1977

    Google Scholar 

  36. Epler JL, Larimer FW, Nix CE, Ho T, Rao TK: Comparative mutagenesis of test materials from the synthetic fuel technologies. Abstract, 2nd Intern Conf on Environ Mutagens, p 106, 1977

    Google Scholar 

  37. Ficsor G, Bordas SM, Wade SM, Muthiani E, Wertz GF, Zimmer DM: Mammalian host- and fluid-mediated mutagenicity assays of captan and streptozotocin in Salmonella typhimurium. Mutat Res 48:1–16, 1977

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Frantz CN, Mailing HV: The quantitative microsomal mutagenesis assay method. Mutat Res 31:365–380, 1975

    Google Scholar 

  39. Garen A, Siddiqi O.: Suppression of mutation in the alkaline phosphatase structural cistron of E. coli. Proc Natl Acad Sci US 48:1121–1127, 1962

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  40. Garner RC, Miller EC, Miller JA: Liver microsomal metabolism of aflatoxin В, to a reactive derivative toxic to Salmonella typhimurium TA1530. Cancer Res 32:2058–2066, 1972

    Google Scholar 

  41. Gibson DT, Mahadevan V, Jerina DM, Yagi H, Yeh HJC: Oxidation of the carcinogen benzo[a]pyrene and benzo[a]-anthracene to dihydrodiols by a bacterium. Science 189: 295–297, 1975.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  42. Gorini L, Kataja E: Suppression activated by streptomycin and related antibiotics in drug sensitive strains. Biochem Biophys Res Comm 18:656–663, 1965

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. Green MHL, Muriel V/J: Mutagen testing using trp+ reversion in Escherichia coli. Mutat Res 38:3–32, 1976

    Google Scholar 

  44. Green MHL, Rogers AM, Muriel WJ, Ward AC, McCalla DR: Use of a simplified fluctuation test to detect and characterize mutagenesis by nitrofurans. Mutat Res 44: 139–143, 1977

    Article  Google Scholar 

  45. Gutnick DL, Rosenberg E: Oil tankers and pollution: A microbiological approach. Ann Rev Microbiol 31:379–396, 1977

    Article  Google Scholar 

  46. Gutter B, Speck WT, Rosenkranz HS: A study of the photoinduced mutagenicity of methylene blue. Mutat Res 44:177–182, 1977

    Article  Google Scholar 

  47. Gutter B, Speck WT, Rosenkranz HS: Light-induced mutagenicity of neutral red (3-amino-7-dimethylamino-2-methylphenazine hydrochloride). Cancer Res 37:1112–1114, 1977

    Google Scholar 

  48. Hartman PE, Levine K, Hartman Z, Berger H: Hycanthone: a frameshift mutagen. Science 172:1058–1060, 1971

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  49. Hutton J, Hackney C: Metabolism of cigarette smoke condensates by human and rat homogenates to form mutagens detectable by Salmonella typhimurium TA1538. Cancer Res 35:2461–2468, 1975

    Google Scholar 

  50. Kier D, Yamasaki E, Ames BH: Detection of mutagenic activity in cigarette smoke condensates. Proc Natl Acad Sci US 71:4159–4163, 1974

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  51. Kuhr RJ: The formation and importance of carbamate insecticide metabolites as terminal residues. In: Pesticide Terminal Residues. London, Butterworth and Co, pp 199–220, 1971

    Google Scholar 

  52. Legator JS: The host-mediated assay, a practical procedure for evaluating potential mutagenic agents. In: Chemical Mutagenesis in Mammals and Man (Vogel F, Rohrborn G, eds.). Heidelberg, Springer-Verlag, pp 260–270, 1970

    Google Scholar 

  53. Legator MS, Pullin TG, Connor TH: The isolation and detection of mutagenic substances in body fluid and tissues of animals and body fluid of human subjects. In: Handbook of Mutagenicity Test Procedures (Kilbey ВJ, Legator M, Nichols W, Ramal C, eds.). Amsterdam, Elsevier Scientific Publishing Co, pp 149–159, 1977

    Google Scholar 

  54. Loper JC, Schoeny RS, Tardiff RG: Evaluation of organic extracts of drinking water by bacterial mutagenesis. Abstract, 2nd Intern Conf Environ Mutagens, p 35, 1977

    Google Scholar 

  55. Mailing HV: Dimethylnitrosamine: formation of mutagenic compounds by interaction with mouse liver microsomes. Mutat Res 13:425–429, 1971

    Article  Google Scholar 

  56. Matsumura F, Patil K C, Boush GM: Formation of “photo-dieldrin” by microorganisms. Science 170:1206–1207, 1970

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  57. McCalla DR, Voustinos D: On the mutagenicity of nitro-furans. Mutat Res 26:3–16, 1975

    Google Scholar 

  58. McCalla DR, Voustinos D, Olive PL: Mutagen screening with bacteria: niridazole and nitrofurans. Mutat Res 31:31–37, 1975

    Google Scholar 

  59. McCann J, Ames BN: Detection of carcinogens as mutagens in the Salmonella/microsome test assay of 300 chemicals: Discussion. Proc Natl Acad Sci US 73:950–954, 1976

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  60. McCann J, Choi E, Yamasaki E, Ames BN: Detection of carcinogens as mutagens in the Salmonella/microsome test: Assay of 300 chemicals. Proc Natl Acad Sci US 72:5135–5139, 1975

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  61. McCann J, Spingarn NE, Koburi J, Ames BN: Detection of carcinogens as mutagens. Bacterial tester strain with R-factor plasmid. Proc Natl Acad Sci US 72:979–983, 1975

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  62. McCoy EC, Burrows L, Rosenkranz HS: Genetic activity of allyl chloride. Mutat Res, 57:11–15, 1978

    Google Scholar 

  63. McCoy EC, Speck WT, Rosenkranz HS: Activation of a procarcinogen to a mutagen by cell-free extracts of anaerobic bacteria. Mutat Res 46:261–264, 1977

    Google Scholar 

  64. Meselson M, Russell C: Comparisons of carcinogenic and mutagenic potency in “Origins of Human Cancer” (Hiatt HH, Watson JD, Winston JA, eds.) • New York, Cold Spring Harbor, pp 1473–1481, 1977

    Google Scholar 

  65. Mirvish SS: The conversion of N-hydroxyurethan to urethan in the mouse. Biochim Biophys Acta 93:673–674, 1964

    Article  Google Scholar 

  66. Mizusaki S, Okamoto H, Akiyama A, Fukuhara Y: Relation between chemical constituents of tobacco and mutagenic activity of cigarette smoke condensate. Mutat Res 48:319–326, 1977

    Article  Google Scholar 

  67. . Mohn GR, Ellenberger J: The use of Escherichia coli K12/343/113 λ as a multi-purpose indicator strain in various mutagenicity testing procedures. In: Handbook of Mutagenicity Test Procedures (Kilbey BJ, Legator M, Nichols W, Ramel C, eds.). Amsterdam, Elsevier Scientific Publishing Co, pp 95–118, 1977

    Google Scholar 

  68. Moreau P, Bailone A, Devore R: Prophage Л induction in Escherichia coli K12 envA uvrB: A highly sensitive test for potential carcinogens. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 73: 3700–3704, 1976

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  69. Mullinix KP, Rosenkranz HS: Recovery from N-hydroxy-urethan-induced death. J Bacterid 105:565–572, 1971

    Google Scholar 

  70. Nagao M, Suzuki E, Yasuo K, Yakagi T, Scino Y, Sugimura T, Okada M: Mutagenicity of N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl) nitrosamine, a bladder carcinogen, and related compounds. Cancer Res 37:399–407, 1977

    Google Scholar 

  71. Nagao M, Honda M, Seino Y, Yahagi T, Sugimura T: Mutagenicities of smoke condensates and the charred surface of fish and meat. Cancer Letters 2:221–226, 1977

    Article  Google Scholar 

  72. National Cancer Institute: Summary of program, staff and data evaluation. Risk Assessment Subgroup Conclusions on Bioassay Reports, September 24, 1977

    Google Scholar 

  73. Nelson N, et al.: Human Health and the Environment -Some Research Needs (Report of the Second Task Force for Research Planning in Environmental Health Science), DHEW Publication No. NIH-77–1277, Washington, DC, US Government Printing Office, 1977

    Google Scholar 

  74. Pitts JN, Smith JP, Fitz DR, Grosjean D: Enhancement of photochemical smog by N,N’-diethylhydroxylamine in polluted ambient air. Science 197:255–257, 1977

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  75. Plewa MJ, Gentile JM: Mutagenicity of atrazine: A Maize-microbe bioassay. Mutat Res 38:287–292, 1976

    Google Scholar 

  76. Privai M, McCoy EC, Gutter B, Rosenkranz HS: Tris (2,3-dibromopropyl) phosphate: Mutagenicity of a widely used flame retardant. Science 195:76–78, 1977

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  77. Purchase IFH, Longstaff F, Ashby J, Styles JA, Anderson D, Lefevre DA, Westwood FR: Evaluation of six short term tests for detecting organic chemical carcinogens and recommendations for their use. Nature 264:624–627, 1976

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  78. Rao TK, Hardigree AA, Young JA, Epier JL: Correlation of mutagenic activity of energy related effluents with organic constituents. Abstracts, 8th Ann Meeting, Amer Environ Mutagen Soc, pp 47–48, 1977

    Google Scholar 

  79. Rosenkranz HS: Aspects of microbiology in cancer research. Ann Rev Microbiol 27:383–401, 1973

    Article  Google Scholar 

  80. Rosenkranz HS, Miracil D: Inhibition of deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase-deficient Escherichia coli. Antimicrob Ag Chemother 3:530–531, 1973

    Google Scholar 

  81. Rosenkranz HS: Hydroxylamine-O-sulfonic acid: In vitro and possible in vivo reaction with DNA. Chemico-Biol Interactions 7:195–204, 1973

    Article  Google Scholar 

  82. Rosenkranz HS: Studies on the mutagenicity of nitro-furans in Salmonella typhimurium. Biochem Pharmacol 26:896–898, 1977

    Article  Google Scholar 

  83. Rosenkranz HS, Carr, HS, Morgan C: Unusual growth properties of a bacterial strain lacking DNA polymerase. Biochem Biophys Res Comm 44:546–549, 1971

    Article  Google Scholar 

  84. Rosenkranz HS, Gutter C, Speck WT: Mutagenicity and DNA-modifying activity: A comparison of two microbial assays. Mutat Res 41:61–70, 1976

    Article  Google Scholar 

  85. Rosenkranz HS, Speck WT, Gutter B: Microbial assay procedures: Experience with two systems. In: In vitro metabolic activation in mutagenesis testing (de Serres FJ, Fouts JR, Bend JR, Philpot RM, eds.). Amsterdam, North-Holland Publishing, pp 337–363, 1976

    Google Scholar 

  86. Rosenkranz S, Carr HS, Rosenkranz HS: 2-Haolethanols: Mutagenicity and reactivity with DNA. Mutat Res 26: 367–370, 1974

    Article  Google Scholar 

  87. Simmon VF, Kauhanen K, Mortelmanns K, Tardiff R: Mutagenic activity of chemicals identified in drinking water. Abstr 2nd Intern Conf Environ Mutagens, p 36, 1977

    Google Scholar 

  88. Slater EE, Anderson MD, Rosenkranz HS: Rapid detection of mutagens and carcinogens. Cancer Res 31:970–973, 1971

    Google Scholar 

  89. Speck WT, Ellner PD, Rosenkranz HS: Mutagenicity testing with Salmonella typhimurium strains. I. Unusual pheno-types of the tester strains. Mutat Res 28:27–30, 1975

    Article  Google Scholar 

  90. Speck WT, Rosenkranz HS: Mutagenicity of azathioprine. Cancer Res 36:108–109, 1976

    Google Scholar 

  91. Speck WT, Stein AB, Rosenkranz HS: Mutagenicity of metronidazole: Presence of several active metabolities in human urines. J Natl Cancer Inst 56:283–284, 1976

    Google Scholar 

  92. Sugimura T, Sato S, Nagao M, Yahagi T, Matsushima T, Seino Y, Takeuchi M, Kawachi T: Overlapping of carcinogens and mutagens. In: Fundamentals in Cancer Prevention (Magee PN, Takayama S, Sugimura T, Matsushima T, eds.). Baltimore, MD, University Park Press, pp 191–213, 1976

    Google Scholar 

  93. Talcott R, Wei E: Airborne mutagens bioassayed in Salmonella typhimurium. J Natl Cancer Inst 58:449–451, 1977

    Google Scholar 

  94. Teranishi K, Hamada K, Watanabe H: Quantitative relationship between carcinogenicity and mutagenicity of polyaromatic hydrocarbons in Salmonella typhimurium mutants. Mutat Res 31:97–102, 1975

    Google Scholar 

  95. Tokiwa H, Morita C, Takeyoshi H, Takahashi C, Ohnishi Y: Detection of mutagenic activity in particulate air pollutants. Mutat Res 48:237–248, 1977

    Article  Google Scholar 

  96. US Congress Office of Technology Assessment: Cancer Testing Technology and Saccharin. Washington, DC, Superintendent of Documents, US Government Printing Office (Stock No. 052–003–00471–2), 1977

    Google Scholar 

  97. Wang CY, Maraoku, Bryan GT: Mutagenicity of nitrofurans, nitrothiophenes, nitropyrroles, nitroimidazoles, amino-thiophenes, and aminothiazoles in Salmonella typhimurium. Cancer Res 35:3611–3617, 1975

    Google Scholar 

  98. Wislocki PG, Miller EC, Miller JA, McCoy EC, Rosenkranz HS: Carcinogenic and mutagenic activities of safrole, 1’-hydroxysafrole, and some known or possible metabolites. Cancer Res 37:1883–1891, 1977

    Google Scholar 

  99. Wlodkowski TJ, Rosenkranz HS: Mutagenicity of sodium hypochlorite for Salmonella typhimurium. Mutat Res 31: 39–42, 1975

    Google Scholar 

  100. Wlodkowski TJ, Speck WT, Rosenkranz HS: Genetic effects of Povidone-Iodine. J Pharm Sci 64:1235–1237, 1975

    Article  Google Scholar 

  101. Yahagi T, Nagao M, Hara K, Mutsushima T, Sugimura T, Bryan GT: Relationship between the carcinogenic and mutagenic or DNA-modifying effects of nitrofuran derivatives, including 2-(2-furyl)-3-(5-nitro-2-furyl) acryl-amide, a food additive. Cancer Res 34:2266–2273, 1974

    Google Scholar 

  102. Yahagi T, Matsushima T, Nagao M, Scino Y, Sugimura T, Bryan GT: Mutagenicities of nitrofuran derivatives on a bacterial tester strain with an R factor plasmid. Mutat Res 40:9–14, 1976

    Article  Google Scholar 

  103. Yahagi T, Nagao M, Scino Y, Matsushima T, Sugimura T, Okada M: Mutagenicity of N-nitrosamines on Salmonella. Mutat Res 48:121–130, 1977

    Article  Google Scholar 

  104. Yamasaki E, Ames BN: Concentration of mutagens from urine by absorption with the nonpolar resin XAD-2: Cigarette smokers have mutagenic urine. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 74:3555–3559, 1977

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  105. Zimmermann FK: Procedures used in the induction of mitotic recombination and mutation in the yeast Saccharo-myces cerevisiae. Mutat Res 31:71–86, 1975

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Microbiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA

    Herbert S. Rosenkranz, Elena C. McCoy, Monica Anders, William T. Speck & David Bickers

Authors
  1. Herbert S. Rosenkranz
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Elena C. McCoy
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Monica Anders
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. William T. Speck
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. David Bickers
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA

    Michael D. Waters , Stephen Nesnow , Joellen L. Huisingh , Shahbeg S. Sandhu  & Larry Claxton , , ,  & 

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1978 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Rosenkranz, H.S., McCoy, E.C., Anders, M., Speck, W.T., Bickers, D. (1978). The use of Microbial Assay Systems in the Detection of Environmental Mutagens in Complex Mixtures. In: Waters, M.D., Nesnow, S., Huisingh, J.L., Sandhu, S.S., Claxton, L. (eds) Application of Short-Term Bioassays in the Fractionation and Analysis of Complex Environmental Mixtures. Environmental Science Research, vol 15. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-3611-2_1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-3611-2_1

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-3613-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-3611-2

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation