Abstract
Implicit in the measurement of the averaged transient visual evoked potential (VEP) is the assumption that the visual system returns to a state of rest between stimuli. A signal enhancement technique such as averaging should display the signal which is the technique itself. Hence the temporal characteristics (stimulus duration and presentation rate) of the stimulus regime should be such that the above assumption is valid, or the averaging procedure may itself alter that which it seeks to measure. A lower limit to the rate of stimulation is effectively set by the stationarity of the background EEG (Cohen and Sances, 1977), and by the difficulty of maintaining a constant psychological state over periods of more than a few seconds. The upper limit is set by the transition to a steady state VEP, when the individual components become indistinguishable. Between these limits there is considerable scope for variation. The aim of this study is to investigate the dependence of the averaged transient VEP upon temporal stimulus parameters, with particular reference to the effects of adaptation upon the components of the pattern VEP.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Arden, G.B., Faulkner, D.J. and Mair, C. A versatile television pattern generator for visual evoked potentials. In J.E. Desmedt (Ed.) Visual Evoked Potentials in Man; New Developments, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1977.
Armington, J.C. Adaptational changes in the human electroretinogram and occipital responses. Vision Res., 1964, 4, 179–192.
Barber, C. and Galloway, N.R. A pattern stimulus for optimal response from the retina. Doc. Ophthal., 1976, 10, 77–86.
Basar, E., Gonder, A., Ozusmi, C. and Ungan, P. Dynamics of brain rhythmic and evoked potentials. Biol. Cybernetics, 1975, 20, 137–169.
Blakemore, C. and Campbell, F.W. On the existence of neurones in the human visual system selectively sensitive to the orientation and size of retinal images. J. Physiol., 1969, 203, 237–260.
Cohen A.C. and Sances, A. Stationarity of the human electroencephalogram. Med. Biol. Eng. Comput., 1977, 15, 513–518.
Fraise, P. Les Structures Rythmiques, Paris: Erasme, 1956.
Gilinsky, A.S. Orientation-specific effects of patterns of adapting light on visual acuity. J. Opt. Soc. Amer., 1968, 58, 13–18.
James, C.R. and Jeffreys, D.A. Properties of individual components of pattern-onset evoked potentials in man. J. Physiol., 1975, 249, 57–58P.
Jeffreys, D.A. and Axford, J.G. Source locations of pattern- specific components of human visual evoked potentials. Exp. Brain Res., 1972, 16 1–40.
Jeffreys, D.A. The physiological significance of pattern visual evoked potentials. In J.E. Desmedt (Ed.), Visual Evoked Potentials in Man; New Developments. Oxford; Clarendon Press, 1977.
Kitajima, S., Morotomi, T. and Kanoh, M. Enhancement of averaged evoked responses to brief flashes after offset of pre-exposed light stimulation: A critical moment. Vision Res., 1975, 15, 1213–1216.
Klingaman, R.L. The human visual evoked cortical potential and dark adaptation. Vision Res., 1976, 16, 1471–1477.
Kulikowski, J. Visual evoked potentials as a measure of visibility. In J.E. Desmedt (Ed.), visual Evoked Potentials in Man: New Developments, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1977.
Laurian, S. and Gaillard, J.-M. Habituation of visually evoked responses in man: A study of its time course. Neuropsycho- biol., 1976, 2, 297–306.
Lehtonen, J.B. Functional differentiation between late components of visual evoked potentials recorded at occiput and vertex: Effect of stimulus interval and contour. Electroenceph. Clin. Neurophysiol., 1973, 35, 75–82.
Lesevre, N. and Remond, A. Potentials evoques par 1’apparition de patterns: Effets de la dimension du pattern et de la densite des contrasts. Electroencegh. Clin. Neurophysiol, 1972, 32, 593–604.
MacKay, D.M. Adaptation of evoked potentials by patterns of texture-contrast. Exp. Brain Res., 1977, 29, 149–153.
Mecacci, L. and Spinelli, D. The effects of spatial frequency adaptation on human evoked potentials. Vision Res., 1976, 16, 477–479.
Michael, W.F. and Halliday, A.M. Differences between the occipital distribution of upper and lower pattern-evoked responses in man. Brain Res., 1971, 32 311–324.
Serviere, J., Miceli, D. and Galifret, Y. Electrophysiological correlates of the visual perception of “instantaneous” and “durable”. Vision Res., 1977, 17, 65–69.
Shipley, T. and Hyson M. Amplitude decrements in brain potentials in man evoked by repetitive auditory, visual and intersensory stimulation. Sensory Processes, 1977, 1, 338–353.
Spekreijse, H., van der Tweel, L.H. ad Zuidema, Th. Contrast evoked responses in man. Vision Res., 1973, 13, 1577–1601.
Squires, K.C., Wickens, C., Squires, N.K. and Donchin, E. The effect of stimulus sequence on the waveform of the cortical event-related potential. Science, 1976, 193, 1142–1146.
Woodrow, H. The temporal indifference interval determined by the method of mean error. J. Exp. Psychol., 1934, 17, 167–188.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1979 Plenum Press, New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Barber, C., Galloway, N.R. (1979). Adaptation Effects in the Transient Visual Evoked Potential. In: Lehmann, D., Callaway, E. (eds) Human Evoked Potentials. NATO Conference Series, vol 9. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-3483-5_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-3483-5_2
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-3485-9
Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-3483-5
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive