Abstract
Mixtures of protein foods given to chickens or rats frequently result in better growth than would be expected from the performance obtained with each component of the mixture given on its own. Mixing often results in the provision of a better amino acid balance in the diet and the improved growth can be attributed to the minimising of deficiencies of particular essential amino acids in the diet. This explanation is not always possible however. Some mixtures which give better growth have lower levels of some important amino acids than the better component of the mixture, and in such cases it is suggested that the improvements are due to the achievement of better overall amino acid balance. In particular it seems clear that amino acid excesses may have a deleterious effect, and diet balancing should be designed not merely to minimise deficiencies of essential amino acids, but also to cut down excesses.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Abderhalden, E. (1912). Synthese der Zellbausteine in Pflanze und Tier. Berlin p. 85.
Bender, A. E. (1975). Chemical Scores and availability of amino acids. In ‘Proteins in Human Nutrition’. J. W. G. Porter and B. A. Rolls (Editors). Academic Press: London.
Block, R. J. and Mitchell, H. H. (1946). The correlation of the amino acid composition of proteins with their nutritive value. Nutr. Abst. Rev., 16, 249–278.
Bressani, R. and Elias, L. G. (1968). Processed vegetable protein mixtures for human consumption in developing countries. Adv. Fd Res. 16, 1–103.
Bressani, R. and Scrimshaw, N. S. (1961). Pubs. Natn. Res. Counc. Wash. No. 843 p. 35.
Fau, D. (1975). Déséquilibre par exces de lysine et correction par un supplement de thréonine en fonction des modalités alimentaires. Ann. Nutr. Aliment. 29, 321–335.
Grau, C. R. and Almquist, H. J. (1944). Sesame protein in chick diets. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. E., 57, 187–9.
Lawes, J. B. and Gilbert, J. H. (1866). Food in its relations to various exigencies of the animal body. Phil. Mag., 32, 55–64.
McCollum, E. V., Simmonds, N. and Parsons, H. T. (1919). Supplementary relationships between the proteins of certain seeds. J. Biol. Chem. 37, 155–177.
McCollum, E. V., Simmonds, N. and Parsons, H. T. (1921). Supplementary protein values in foods. 4. The supplementary relations of cereal grain with cereal grain; legume seed with legume seed; and cereal grain with legume seed with respect to improvement in the quality of their proteins. J. Biol. Chem. 47, 207–234.
McCollum, E. V., Simmonds, N. and Fitz, W. (1916). Is lysine the limiting amino acid in the proteins of wheat, maize or oats? J. Biol. Chem. 28, 483–6.
Miller, R. F. (1976). The effect of excess amino acids on feed intake and performance of chickens. Proc. 36th ann. meeting, AFMA Nutrition Council, Memphis. pp 24–6.
Osborne, T. B. and Mendel, L. B. (1914). Amino acids in nutrition and growth. J. Biol. Chem. 17, 325–349.
Oser, B. L. (1951). A method for integrating essential amino acid content in the nutritional evaluation of protein. J. Amer. Dietet. Ass. 22, 396–402.
Ott, W. H. and Boucher, R. V. (1944). Lactalbumin as a protein supplement for growing chickens. Poult. Sci., 23, 497–506.
Robel, E. J. (1973). Amino acid intake of chickens: effects of feeding excess amino acids. Poult. Sci. 52, 1981.
Russell, W. C., Taylor, M. W. and Hogan, J. H. (1952). Effect of excess essential amino acids on growth of the white rat. Arch. Biochem. 39, 249–253.
Tasker, P. K., Joseph, K., Narayana Rao, M., Rajagopalan, R., Sankaran, A. N. and Swaminathan, M. (1960). Supplementary value of the proteins of sunflower (Helianthus anus) and sesame seeds to groundnut and Bengal gram (Cicer arietinum) proteins. Ann. Biochem. exp. Med. (India) 20, 37–40.
U.N. Protein Advisory Group (1974). P.A.G. guideline (No. 6) for preclinical testing of novel sources of protein. P.A.G. Bulletin No. 4, 17–31.
Waldroup, P. W., Mitchell, R. J., Payne, J. R. and Hazen, K. R. (1976). Performance of chicks fed diets formulated to minimize excess levels of essential amino acids. Poult. Sci., 55, 243–253.
Woodham, A. A. (1968). A chick growth test for the evaluation of protein quality in cereal-based diets. 1. Development of the method. Brit. Poult. Sci. 9., 53–63.
Woodham, A. A. (1976). The relationship between amino acid composition and nutritive value for plant and animal protein concentrates. Qual. Plant. 25, 311–316.
Woodham, A. A. and Clarke, E. M. W. (1977). Nutritive value of mixed proteins. 2. As determined by net protein utilization and protein efficiency ratio tests. Br. J. Nutr., 37, 309–319.
Woodham, A. A. and Deans, P. S. (1977). Nutritive value of mixed proteins. 1. In cereal-based diets for poultry. Br. J. Nutr., 37, 289–308.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1978 Plenum Press, New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Woodham, A.A. (1978). The Nutritive Value of Mixed Proteins. In: Friedman, M. (eds) Nutritional Improvement of Food and Feed Proteins. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 105. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-3366-1_19
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-3366-1_19
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-3368-5
Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-3366-1
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive