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Cell Membranes in Cytotoxicity

  • Chapter
Membrane Toxicity

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 84))

Abstract

Silica particles are cytotoxic for macrophages because they damage the membranes around secondary lysoscmes in which the particles are engulfed. Hydroxyl groups of silicic acid on the surface of the particles form hydrogen bonds with phosphate ester groups of phospholipids and disrupt a variety of natural and artificial membranes. Asbestos fibers induce secretion of hydrolytic enzymes from cultured macrophages. Magnesium hydroxide groups of chrysotile asbestos interact ionically with ionized sialic acid residues of membrane glycoproteins, increase passive cation flux and produce osmotic lysis. The terminal carponents of complement (C5b-C9) when inserted into the bi layer structure also increase passive cation flux and produce osmotic lysis. The small catplement cleavage product C3a is lytic for several cell types, especially malignant cells. The mechanism by which specifically sensitized thymus-derived (T)-lymphocytes kill tumour cells is discussed. Plasma membranes frcm effector lymphocytes possess considerable cytolytic potential, which is dependent on the activity of a membrane-associated proteinase.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Clinical Research Centre, Harrow, England

    A. C. Allison & J. Ferluga

Authors
  1. A. C. Allison
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  2. J. Ferluga
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. The University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA

    Morton W. Miller  & Adil E. Shamoo  & 

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© 1977 Plenum Press, New York

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Allison, A.C., Ferluga, J. (1977). Cell Membranes in Cytotoxicity. In: Miller, M.W., Shamoo, A.E. (eds) Membrane Toxicity. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 84. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-3279-4_11

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-3279-4_11

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-3281-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-3279-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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