Abstract
The enzymic synthesis of brain gangliosides proceeds via a stepwise addition of monosaccharide units from sugar nucleotides to glycosphingolipid acceptors. Several possible pathways for ganglioside biosynthesis have been proposed (s. Scheme) utilizing this mechanism. Preliminary reports by Steigerwald et al. (1) and Kaufman et al. (2) have described a particulate embryonic chick brain preparation which would catalize the synthesis of gangliosides via the sequence of reactions 2, 3, and 4. The demonstrations in brain of reaction 3 in the frog (3) and rat (4, 5), reaction 4 in the frog (3, 6, 7) and rat (5, 8, 9), and reaction 2 in frog (Table I) suggests that this pathway is probably universal in vertebrates.
Abbreviations: the abbreviations for individual gangliosides are those proposed by Svennerholm (19). GP1 is a tetrasialo-ganglioside and GP2 is an unknown polysialoganglioside in frog brain.
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References
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Dain, J.A., Di Cesare, J.L., Yip, M.C.M., Weicker, H. (1972). Recent Studies on the Enzymes that Synthesize Brain Gangliosides. In: Zambotti, V., Tettamanti, G., Arrigoni, M. (eds) Glycolipids, Glycoproteins, and Mucopolysaccharides of the Nervous System. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 25. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-3216-9_9
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