Abstract
The onset of the terminal phase of differentiation of the female germinal cell, the transition from oogonium to oocyte, is marked by a suppression of the ability of the cell to replicate its nuclear DNA and divide. After the developing cell undergoes the last oogonial mitotic division, the chromosomes enter the prophase of the first meiotic division, replicate their DNA, and attain the 4C condition. No further overall replication of the DNA takes place throughout the entire period of oocyte growth and until the egg is fertilized. During this long period of oogenesis, however, the oocyte genome is transcriptionally very active: messenger RNAs are synthesized in large amounts. Nevertheless, most of these direct gene products are not immediately translated but are stored in the cytoplasm of the oocyte in order to be available for protein synthesis during the early postfertilization stages of development, stages during which the very high replicative activity of the DNA virtually precludes transcriptional activity.
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Abbreviations
- Tdr:
-
2′-deoxythymidine;
- dTMP:
-
2′-deoxythymidine-5′-monophosphate;
- dTTP:
-
2′-deoxythymidine-5′-triphosphate;
- Adr:
-
2′-deoxyadenosine;
- dATP:
-
2′-deoxyadenosine-5′-triphosphate;
- dCMP:
-
2′-deoxycytidine-5′-monophosphate;
- dCTP:
-
2′-deoxycytidine-5′-triphosphate;
- polyd(A-T):
-
copolymer of deoxyadenosine monophosphate and deoxy thymidine monophosphate;
- polyrA-polydT:
-
double-stranded homopolymers of adenosine monophosphate and deoxy thymidine monophosphate;
- polyrA-d(pT)9 :
-
hybrid of the homopolymer polyrA and oligodeoxythymidine monophosÂphate;
- polydG-polydC:
-
double-stranded homopolymers of deoxyguanosine monoÂphosphate and deoxycytidine monophosphate;
- DNAse:
-
deoxyribonuclease.
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De Petrocellis, B., Grippo, P., Monroy, A., Parisi, E., Rossi, M. (1974). Comparative Aspects of the Biochemistry of Fertilization: Regulatory Mechanisms of DNA Synthesis. In: Coutinho, E.M., Fuchs, F. (eds) Physiology and Genetics of Reproduction. Basic Life Sciences, vol 4. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-2892-6_3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-2892-6_3
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