Abstract
The islets of highly different species are composed of parenchymal cells, blood vessels, nervous elements, and connective tissue. The parenchymal cells are either diffusely intermingled with each other, or, more often, the B (β) cells are localized to the central portion of the islets, and the A (α 2) and D (α 1) cells* are localized to the periphery, sometimes with a tendency toward interposition of the D cells between the central B cells and the peripheral A cells (Fig. 1). The differentiation of the parenchymal cell types is based mainly upon the structural appearance of their secretory granules. In most species B, A, and D cells are found, which usually can be easily distinguished by ultrastructural techniques.
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Boquist, L. (1977). Histochemistry and Electron Microscopy of Islets. In: Volk, B.W., Wellmann, K.F. (eds) The Diabetic Pancreas. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-2325-9_6
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