Abstract
In the national office of a liberal protestant church, a researcher looks up and down a row of yearbooks of the 112 dioceses of the church. He selects one, looks for the listing of a particular local church, and copies down the church’s average worship-service attendance, average church-school attendance, number of pastors, and number of church-school teachers.
This paper originally appeared in Wapner, Cohen, and Kaplan (1976).
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Altman, I. Some perspectives on the study of man-environment phenomena. Representative Research in Social Psychology, 1973, 4 109–126.
Bales, R. F. Interaction process analysis. Cambridge, Mass.: Addison-Wesley, 1951.
Barker, R. G. Ecology and motivation. Nebraska Symposium on Motivation, 1960, 8, 1–50.
Barker, R. G. On the nature of the environment. Journal of Social Issues, 1963, 19(4), 17–38.
Barker, R. G. Explorations in ecological psychology. American Psychologist, 1965, 20, 1–14.
Barker, R. G. Ecological psychology: Concepts and methods for studying the environment of human behavior. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1968.
Barker, R. G., and Gump, P. V. Big school, small school: High school size and student behavior. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1964.
Barker, R. G., and Schoggen, P. Qualities of community life. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 1973.
Barker, R. G., and Wright, H. F. Midwest and its children. New York: Harper & Row, 1955.
Carter, L., Haythorn, W., Meirowitz, B., and Lanzetta, J. The relation of categorizations and ratings in the observation of group behavior. Human Relations, 1951, 4, 239–254.
Cox, D. R., and Smith, W. L. Queues. New York: Wiley, 1961.
Glass, D. C., and Singer, J. E. Urban stress: Experiments on noise and social stressors. New York: Academic Press, 1972.
Goode, H. H., and Machol, R. E. System engineering. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1957.
Hanson, L. Effects of overmanning on group experience and task performance. Unpublished master’s thesis, Claremont Graduate School, 1973.
Hanson, L., and Wicker, A. W. Effects of overmanning on group experience and task performance. Paper presented at the meeting of the Western Psychological Association, Anaheim, Calif., April, 1973.
Heider, F. The psychology of interpersonal relations. New York: Wiley, 1958.
Helson, H. Adaptation-level theory. New York: Harper & Row, 1964.
Kahn, R. L., and French, J. R. P., Jr. Status and conflict: Two themes in the study of stress. In J. E. McGrath (Ed.), Social and psychological factors in stress. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1970.
Kirmeyer, S. The effects of manning condition on group interaction. Unpublished master’s thesis, Claremont Graduate School, 1974.
McCarthy, C. Checking out the faces on the supermarket assembly line. San Francisco Examiner & Chronicle, December 30, 1973, Sunday Punch, p. 7.
McGrath, J. E. A conceptual formulation for research on stress. In J. E. McGrath (Ed.), Social and psychological factors in stress. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1970.
McGrath, J. E. Stress and behavior in organizations. In M. D. Dunnette (Ed.), Handbook of industrial and organizational psychology. Chicago: Rand-McNally, 1976.
Meier, R. L. A communications theory of urban growth. Cambridge, Mass.: M.I.T. Press, 1962.
Mennerick, L. A. Client typologies. Sociology of Work and Occupations,1974, 1, 396–418.
Milgram, S. The experience of living in cities. Science, 1970, 167 1461–1468.
Miller, J. G. The nature of living systems. Behavioral Science, 1971, 16, 277–301.
Miller, J. G. Living systems: The organization. Behavioral Science, 1972, 17, 1–182.
Panico, J. A. Queuing theory: A study of waiting lines for business, economics, and science. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1969.
Petty, R. M., and Wicker, A. W. Degree of manning and degree of success of a group as determinants of members’ subjective experiences and their acceptance of a new group member. JSAS Catalog of Selected Documents in Psychology,1974, 4 43. (Ms. No. 616)
Saaty, T. L. Elements of queueing theory. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1961.
Steiner, I. D. Group process and productivity. New York: Academic Press, 1972.
Stokols, D. A social-psychological model of human crowding phenomena. Journal of the American Institute of Planners, 1972, 38 72–83.
Stokols, D. The experience of crowding in primary and secondary environments. Paper presented at the meeting of the American Psychological Association, New Orleans, August, 1974.
Wapner, S., Cohen, S. B., and Kaplan, B. (Eds.), Experiencing the environment. New York: Plenum, 1976.
Weick, K. E. The “Ess” in stress: Some conceptual and methodological problems. In J. E. McGrath (Ed.), Social and psychological factors in stress. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1970.
Wicker, A. W. An examination of the “other variables” explanation of attitude-behavior nconsistency. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,1971, 19, 18–30.
Wicker, A. W. Processes which mediate behavior-environment congruence. Behavioral Science, 1972, 17, 265–277.
Wicker, A. W. Undermanning theory and research: Implications for the study of psychological and behavioral effects of excess populations. Representative Research in Social Psychology, 1973, 4, 185–206.
Wicker, A. W. An application of the multitrait-multimethod logic to the reliability of observational records. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin,1975, 4 575–579.
Wicker, A. W., McGrath, J. E., and Armstrong, G. E. Organization size and behavior setting apacity as determinants of member participation. Behavioral Science, 1972,17, 499–513.
Barker, R. Ecology and motivation. Nebraska Symposium on Motivation, 1960, 8, 1–50.
Barker, R. Ecological Psychology: Concepts and methods for studying the environment of human behavior. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1968.
McGrath, J. E. A conceptual formulation for research on stress. In J. E. McGrath (Ed.), Social and psychological factors in stress. New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, 1970.
Wicker, A. Undermanning theory and research: Implications for the study of psychological and behavioral effects of excess populations. Representative Research in Social Psychology,1973, 4, 185–206.
Wicker, A., McGrath, J. E., and Armstrong, G. Organization size and behavior setting capacity as determinants of member participation. Behavioral Science, 1972, 17, 499–513.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1977 Plenum Press, New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Wicker, A.W., Kirmeyer, S. (1977). From Church to Laboratory to National Park: A Program of Research on Excess and Insufficient Populations in Behavior Settings. In: Stokols, D. (eds) Perspectives on Environment and Behavior. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-2277-1_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-2277-1_3
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-2279-5
Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-2277-1
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive