Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Metabolic Aspects of Aging in Diploid Human Cells

  • Chapter
Aging in Cell and Tissue Culture

Abstract

Aging may reflect, in part, the outcome of environmental stresses on cells and tissues; a question of major interest, however, is whether a mechanism independent of the environment exists at the cellular level and operates in such a manner that senescence and death are the programmed destiny of normal mammalian cells and tissues. A model system which allows an approach to some aspects of this question is provided by the diploid human cell lines [1,2]. During serial subcultivation these cells retain many of the characteristics of normal cells in situ, such as a stable diploid karyotype and sex chromatin in the interphase nuclei of female cells. In addition, it is now well established that these normal cells will proliferate in culture for varying, but finite periods of time; and that following a period of rapid and vigorous. proliferation, the growth of the population slows down, the cells become granular, debris accumulates, and ultimately, the culture degenerates.

Supported, in part, by U.S. Public Health Service Research Grant R01-HD 02721 from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development and Pa. Dept. of Health Contract 69–593–1, ME-561 from the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. L. Hayflick and P.S. Moorhead, “The serial cultivation of human diploid cell strains,” Exp. Cell Res., 25:585, 1961.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. L. Hayflick, “The limited in vitro lifetime of human diploid cell strains,” Exp. Cell Res., 37:645, 1965.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. A.J. Girardi, F.C. Jensen, and H. Koprowski, “SV40 transformation of human diploid cells: Crisis and recovery,” J. Cell. Comp. Physiol., 65:69, 1965.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. V.J. Cristofalo and D. Kritchevsky, “Growth and glycolysis in the human diploid cell strain WI-38,” Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med., 118:1109, 1965.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. P.F. Kruse Jr., and E. Miedema, “Glucose uptake related to proliferation of animal cells in vitro,” Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med., 119:1110, 1965.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. V.J. Cristofalo and D. Kritchevsky, “Respiration and glycolysis in the human diploid cell strain WI-38,” J. Cell. Comp. Physiol., 67:125, 1965.

    Google Scholar 

  7. H. Eagle, “The minimum vitamin requirements of the L and HeLa cells in tissue culture, the production of specific vitamin deficiencies and their cure,” J. Exp. Med., 102:595, 1955.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. W.W. Umbreit, R.H. Burris, and J.F. Stauffer, Manometric Techniques, Minneapolis, Minn., Burgess, 1957.

    Google Scholar 

  9. C.E. Shonk and G.E. Boxer, “Enzyme patterns in human tissues. I. Methods for the determination of glycolytic enzymes,” Cancer Res. 24:709, 1964.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. F. Novello and P. McLean, “The pentose phosphate pathway of glucose metabolism. Measurement of the non-oxidative reactions of the cycle,” Biochem. J., 107:775, 1968.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. G. Ashwell and J. Hickman, “Enzymatic formation of xylulose 5-phosphate from ribose 5-phosphate in spleen,” J. Biol. Chem., 226:65, 1957.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. O.H. Lowry, N.J. Rosebrough, A.L. Farr and R.J. Randall, “Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent,” J. Biol. Chem. 193:265, 1951.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. N. Hakami and D.A. Pious, “Mitochondrial enzyme activity in “senescent” and virus-transformed human fibroblasts,” Exp. Cell. Res. 53:135, 1968.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. J.M. Reiner, “The effect of age on the carbohydrate metabolism of tissue homogenates,” J. Gerontol., 2:315, 1947.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. H.A. Rafsky, B. Newman and A. Horonick, “Age differences in respiration of guinea pig tissue,” J. Gerontol., 7:38, 1952.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. C.H. Barrows Jr., M.J. Yiengst and N.W. Shock, “Senescence and the metabolism of various tissues of rats,” J. Gerontol., 13:351, 1958.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. P.H. Gold, M.V. Gee and B.L. Strehler, “Effect of age on oxidative phosphorylation in the rat,” J. Gerontol., 23:509, 1968.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. C.W. Parr, “Inhibition of phosphoglucose isomerase,” Nature, 178:1401, 1956.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. E. Miedema and P.F. Kruse Jr., “Enzyme activities and protein contents of animal cells cultured under perfusion conditions,” Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm., 20:528, 1965.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. E. Noltmann and F.H. Bruns, “Reindarstellung und Eigenschaften von Phosphoglucose-isomerase aus Hefe,” Biochem. Z. 331:436, 1959.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. E. Volkin and W.E. Cohn, “Estimation of nucleic acids,” in: D. Glick, Ed., Methods of Biochemical Analysis, New York, Inter sci enee Publishers, 1954, p. 287.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  22. G.T. Rudkin, D.A. Hungerford and P.C. Nowell, “DNA content of chromosome Ph and chromosome 21 in human chronic granulocytic leukemia,” Science, 144:1229, 1964.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. T.A. Tedesco and W.J. Mellman, “Desoxyribonucleic acid assay as a measure of cell number in preparations from monolayer cell cultures and blood leucocytes,” Exp. Cell Res., 45:230, 1967.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. A. Macieira-Coelho, J. Ponten and L. Philipson, “The division cycle and RNA-synthesis in diploid human cells at different passage levels in vitro,” Exp. Cell Res., 42:673, 1966.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. J.W.I.M. Simons, “The use of frequency distribution of cell diameters to characterize cell populations in tissue cultures,” Exp. Cell Res., 45:336, 1967.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. V.J. Cristofalo, B.V. Howard and D. Kritchevsky, “Biochemistry of human cells in culture,” in: U. Gallo and L. Santamaria, Eds., Research Progress in Organic-Biological and Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam, Noord Hollandsche Uitgevers-MIJ, in press.

    Google Scholar 

  27. V.J. Wulff, M. Piekielniak, and M.J. Wayner, “The ribonucleic acid (RNA) content of tissues of rats of different ages,” J. Gerontol. 18:322, 1963.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. R. Weber, “Behavior and properties of acid hydrolases in regressing tails of tadpoles during spontaneous and induced metamorphosis in vitro,” in: A.V.S. DeReuck and Margaret P. Cameron, Eds., CIBA Found. Symp. on Lysosomes, Boston, Mass., Little, Brown, 1963, p. 282.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  29. A.C. Allison and G.R. Paton, “Chromosome damage in human diploid cells following activation of lysosomal enzymes,” Nature, 207:1170, 1965.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. G. Bernardi and C. Sadron, “Studies on acid dexoy-ribonuclease I. Kinetics of the initial degradation of deoxyribonucleic acid by acid deoxyribonuclease,” Biochem., 3:1411, 1964.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. O.A. Bessey, O.H. Lowry, M.J. Brock, “A method for the rapid determination of alkaline phosphatase with five cubic millimeters of serum,” J. Biol. Chem., 164:321, 1946.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. W.H. Fishman, “β-glucuronidase,” in: Methods of Enzymatic Analysis, H. Bergmeyer, Ed., New York, Acad. Press, 1963, p. 869.

    Google Scholar 

  33. A. Zorzoli, “The influence of age on phosphatase activity in the liver of the mouse,” J. Gerontol., 10:156, 1955.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. P. Gedigk, and E. Bontke, “Über den Nachweis von Hydrolytischen Enzymen in Lipopigmenten,” Z. Zeilforsch., 44:495, 1956.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. E. Essner and A. Novikoff, “Human hepatocellular pigments and lysosomes, J. Ultrastruct. Res. 3:374, 1960.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. G.H. Bourne, “General aspects of aging in cells from a physiological point of view,” in: B.L. Strehler et al., Eds., Biology of Aging, Washington, D.C., Am. Inst. Biol. Sci., 1960, No.6, p. 133.

    Google Scholar 

  37. V.J. Cristofalo, J.R. Kabakjian and D. Kritchevsky, “Heterogeneity of acid phosphatase in the human diploid cell strain WI-38.” Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med., 126:648, 1967.

    Google Scholar 

  38. G. Weissman and J. Dingle, “Release of lysosomal protease by ultraviolet irradiation and inhibition by hydrocortisone,” Exp. Cell Res., 25:207, 1961.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. A. Macieira-Coelho, “Action of cortisone on human fibroblasts in vitro,” Experientia, 22:390, 1966.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. R.P. Cox and CM. MacLeod, “Alkaline phosphatase content and the effects of prednisolone on mammalian cells in culture,” J. Gen. Physiol., 45: 439 5 1962.

    Google Scholar 

  41. H.C. Pitot, C. Peraino, P.A. Morse, and V.R. Potter, “Hepatomas in tissue culture compared with adapting liver in vivo,” Nat.Cancer Inst. Monograph 13:229, 1964.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. E.B. Thompson, G.M. Tomkins and J.F. Curran, “Induction of tyrosine a-ketoglutarate transaminase by steroid hormones in a newly established tissue culture cell line. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 56:296, 1966.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. L. Rief-Lehrer and H. Amos, “Hydrocortisone requirements for the induction of glutamine synthetase in chick-embryo retinas,” Biochem. J., 106:425, 1968.

    Google Scholar 

  44. V.J. Cristofalo and J. Kabakjian, “In preparation”.

    Google Scholar 

  45. M.J. Griffin and R. Ber, “Cell cycle events in the hydrocortisone regulation of alkaline phosphatase in HeLa S3 cells,” J. Cell Biol., 40:297, 1969.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

    Vincent J. Cristofalo (Associate Professor of Biochemistry)

  2. Division of Animal Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

    Vincent J. Cristofalo (Associate Professor of Biochemistry)

Authors
  1. Vincent J. Cristofalo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Physiology, Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechoslovakia

    Emma Holečková

  2. Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

    Vincent J. Cristofalo (Associate Member) (Associate Member)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1970 Plenum Press, New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Cristofalo, V.J. (1970). Metabolic Aspects of Aging in Diploid Human Cells. In: Holečková, E., Cristofalo, V.J. (eds) Aging in Cell and Tissue Culture. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-1821-7_6

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-1821-7_6

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-1823-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-1821-7

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation