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Polarographic Reduction of Aldehydes and Ketones. IV. Linear Free Energy Treatment of Substituted Benzophenones

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Topics In Organic Polarography

Abstract

Reduction of thirty nine meta- and para-substituted benzophenones at the dropping mercury electrode was investigated. Substituent effects on half-wave potentials were determined for the one-electron wave of the protonized form in acidic media, for the two-electron wave at pH 9·3 and for the wave in sodium hydroxide solutions that corresponds predominantly to a one-electron reduction. For correlations the Hammett equation and an equation relating meta with corresponding para values derived earlier were used. The deviations from the latter equation as well as the use of constants \(\sigma _{p - x}^ - \) in the Hammett plot has enabled some conclusions to be drawn about the electronic structure of the radicals involved. Even when the correlations of the half-wave potentials with Hammett substituent constants show only a limited precision, they allow the conclusion that half-wave potentials are controlled by substituent I and M effects transmitted through the benzene nucleus.

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Part III: This Journal 33, 3205 (1968).

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Author information

Author notes

  1. P. Zuman

    Present address: Department of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Great Britain

  2. R. F. Rekker

    Present address: Department of Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

  3. W. Th. Nauta

    Present address: Research Department Brocades, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Authors and Affiliations

  1. J. Heyrovský Institute of Polarography, Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, Prague 1, Czech Republic

    P. Zuman, O. Exner, R. F. Rekker & W. Th. Nauta

Authors
  1. P. Zuman
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  2. O. Exner
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  3. R. F. Rekker
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  4. W. Th. Nauta
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, England

    P Zuman

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© 1970 Plenum Publishing Company Ltd.

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Zuman, P., Exner, O., Rekker, R.F., Nauta, W.T. (1970). Polarographic Reduction of Aldehydes and Ketones. IV. Linear Free Energy Treatment of Substituted Benzophenones. In: Zuman, P. (eds) Topics In Organic Polarography. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-1812-5_6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-1812-5_6

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-1814-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-1812-5

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