Abstract
Many growth processes in nature involve, on the molecular level, random attachment and detachment of particles at the interface. One such example is the growth of an amorphous film by the sputtering technique, where energetic atoms land on a cold substrate at the end of their ballistic flights. In the absence of rapid surface diffusion, fluctuations in the incoming flux of particles (known as “shot-noise”) lead to accumulation of excess material at parts of the surface, thereby create surface height fluctuations whose amplitude may diverge with the size of the substrate. Such growth-induced roughening can be different from thermal roughening due to the difference in either the noise spectrum or, perhaps more importantly, the way a growing surface responds to a given type of noise in comparison with its equilibrium counterpart.
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Tang, LH., Nattermann, T., Forrest, B.M. (1991). Crossover Phenomena in Kinetic Roughening. In: Amar, M.B., Pelcé, P., Tabeling, P. (eds) Growth and Form. NATO ASI Series, vol 276. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-1357-1_36
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