Abstract
The toxic action of an insecticide is dependent on its reactivity to the biochemical target (e.g., reactivity of paraoxon toward acetylcholinesterase). Toxicity in vivo, however, is considerably modulated by rates of absorption, metabolism, and elimination of the insecticide; thus, metabolic fate plays a pivotal role in the toxicity and persistence of insecticides. Species variance in toxicity is often due to differential rates or routes of biotransformation of the parent compound or one of the metabolites.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Hodgson, E. and Levi, P. E., 1988, The flavin-containing monooxygenase as a sulfur oxidase, in “Metabolism of Xenobiotics,” J.W. Gorrod, H. Oelschlager and J. Caldwell, eds., Taylor and Francis, London.
Kinder, S., Levi, P. E. and Hodgson, E., 1988, Hepatic and extrahepatic microsomal oxidation of phorate by the cytochrome P-450 and FAD-containing monooxygenase systems in the mouse, Pest. Biochem. Physiol., 31: 54–60.
Kinsler, S., Levi, P. E. and Hodgson, E., 1989, Effects of pretreatment with xenobiotics on the relative contributions of the cytochrome P-450 monooxygenase and flavin-containing monooxygenase systems in the microsomal oxidation of phorate in the mouse, in progress.
Levi, P. E. and Hodgson, E., 1988, Stereospecificity in the oxidation of phorate and phorate sulphoxide by purified FAD-containing monooxygenase and cytochrome P-450 isozymes, Xenobiotica, 18: 29–39
Levi, P. E., Hollingworth, R. M. and Hodgson, E., 1988, Differences in oxidative dearylation and desulfuration of fenitrothion by cytochrome P-450 isozymes and in the subsequent inhibition of monooxygenase activity, Pest. Biochem. Physiol., 32: 224–231.
Lewandowski, M., Chui, Y. C., Levi, P. E. and Hodgson, 1989, Induction of hepatic cytochrome P-450 monooxygenase activities by methylenedioxypehnyl compounds in mice, in progress.
Riskallah, M. R., Dauterman, W. C. and Hodgson, E., 1986a, Host plant induction of microsomal monooxygenase activity in relation to diazinon metabolism and toxicity in larvae of the tobacco budworm Heliothis virescens (F.), Pest. Biochem. Physiol. 25: 233–247.
Riskallah, M. R., Dauterman, W. C. and Hodgson, E., 1986b, Nutritional effects on the induction of cytochrome P-450 and glutathione transferase in larvae of the tobacco budworm, Heliothis virescens ( F. ), Insect Biochem., 16: 491–499.
Sabourin, P. J. and Hodgson, E., 1984, Characterization of the purified microsomal FAD-containing monooxygenase from mouse and pig liver, Chem.-Biol. Interact., 51: 125–139.
Sabourin, P. J., Smyser, B. P. and Hodgson, E., 1984, Purification of the flavin-containing monooxygenase from mouse and pig liver microsomes, Int. J. Biochem., 16: 713–720.
Tynes, R. E. and Hodgson, E., 1985, Catalytic activity and substrate specificity of the flavin-containing monooxygenase in microsomal systems: Characterization of the hepatic, pulmonary, and renal enzymes of the mouse, rabbit, and rat, Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 240: 77–93.
Tynes, R. E. and Philpot, R. M., 1987, Tissue-and species-dependent expression of multiple forms of mammalian microsomal flavin-containing monooxygenase, Mol. Pharmacol., 31: 569–74.
Tynes, R. E., Sabourin, P. J. and Hodgson, E., 1985, Identification of distinct hepatic and pulmonary forms of microsomal flavin-containing monooxygenase in the mouse and rabbit, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 126: 1069–75.
Ugaki, M., Shono, T. and Fukami, J., 1985a, Metabolism of fenitrothion by organophosphorous-resistant and -susceptible house flies, Musca domestica L., Pest. Biochem. Physiol., 23: 33–40.
Ugaki, M., Shono, T. Tsukamoto, M. and Fukami, J., 1985b, Linkage group analysis of glutathione S-transferase and acetylcholinesterase in an organophosphorus resistant strain of Musca domestica L. (Diptera: Muscidae ), Appl. Ent. Zool., 20: 73–81.
Williams, D. E., Ziegler, D. M., Nordin, D. J, Hale, S. E. and Master, B. S. S., 1984, Rabbit lung flavin-containing monooxygenase is immunochemically and catalytically distinct from the liver enzyme, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 125: 116–122.
Ziegler, D. M., 1980, Microsomal flavin-containing monooxygenation of nucleophilic nitrogen and sulfur compounds, in “Enzymatic Basis of Detoxification,” vol. 1, W.B. Jacoby, ed., Academic Press, New York.
Ziegler, D.M. and Poulsen, L.L., 1978, Hepatic microsomal mixed-function amine oxidase, Methods in Enzymol., 52: 142–155.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1989 Plenum Press, New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Levi, P.E., Hodgson, E. (1989). Monooxygenations: Interactions and Expression of Toxicity. In: Narahashi, T., Chambers, J.E. (eds) Insecticide Action. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-1324-3_13
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-1324-3_13
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-1326-7
Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-1324-3
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive