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Biological Responses in Cancer pp 91–124Cite as

Factors Influencing the Generation of Phenotypic Heterogeneity in Mammary Tumors

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Abstract

The concept of tumor heterogeneity, (tumors composed of genetically polymorphic subpopulations), has been well recognized by cancer researchers for many years, (see Furth, 1959; Kim and Depowski, 1975), and by physicians whose patients have experienced a recurrence of cancers that had initially responded to certain anticancer drugs. Indeed, the recognition of phenotypic heterogeneity of tumors is the rational basis for the development of modern multiple-drug modalities in the treatment of advanced cancer patients, (see Skipper, 1983). Lately, interest on this topic seems to have been rekindled by the demonstration of various phenotypic traits in clones of cells isolated in vivo or in vitro from tumors of diverse origin, (Heppner, 1984). In addition to the difference in drug sensitivity, tumor heterogeneity includes variations in cellular structure and functional differentiation, growth pattern, hormone dependence, antigenic expression, metastatic potential, and stem cell karyotype. With the availability of more sensitive markers, coupled with the refinement of detection techniques, an even greater genetic diversity of tumor cells is likely to be discovered in the future. However, knowledge as to the mechanism by which neoplastic cells acquire such heritable characteristics during the oncogenic process, as well as to the evolution of each trait in the course of tumor progression, it still quite limited. A critical review of the natural history of various experimental mammary tumors developed in our laboratory, including a systematic tracing of their acquisition of new characteristics, may shed some light on the subject.

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  1. Department of Pathology, Roswell Park Memorial Institute, Buffalo, New York, 14263, USA

    Untae Kim

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    Enrico Mihich

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Kim, U. (1985). Factors Influencing the Generation of Phenotypic Heterogeneity in Mammary Tumors. In: Mihich, E. (eds) Biological Responses in Cancer. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-1236-9_5

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