Abstract
One of the major advances in neuroscience research of the early 1970s was the discovery of opiate receptors (Pert and Snyder, 1973; Simon et al.,1973; Terenius, 1973) and the endogenous opioid peptides. Two pentapeptides, Met- and Leu-enkephalin (corresponding to β-lipotropin sequence 61–65), were the first endogenous morphinomimetic compounds to be detected and isolated from brain tissue (Hughes, 1975; Hughes et al.,1975). The endorphins (α, γ, β) were subsequently isolated and shown to be comprised of longer-chain amino acid sequences of β-lipotropin (β-LPH): α- and γ-endorphin are identical to amino acid sequences 61–76 and 61–77 of β-LPH, respectively, and β-endorphin (“C-fragment”) is identical to amino acid sequence 69–91 of β-LPH. All of these endorphins have tyrosine as the NH2-terminal amino acid, which could be considered crucial in exerting various physiological/pharmacological effects.
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Shah, N.S., Donald, A.G. (1982). Introduction Current Status of Endorphins and Opiate Antagonists in Psychiatry An Overview. In: Shah, N.S., Donald, A.G. (eds) Endorphins and Opiate Antagonists in Psychiatric Research. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-1119-5_1
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