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Transcriptional Control of Native Chromatin

  • Chapter
Chromatin Structure and Function

Part of the book series: NATO Advanced Study Institutes Series ((NSSA,volume 21a))

Abstract

Most work which has been done with chromatin refers to the dispersed chromosomes of interphase cells. Isolated chromatin consists of DNA, histones, non-histone proteins (NHP) and small quantities of RNA. Numerous comparisons have been made of the relative concentrations of these components in chromatins from a wide variety of sources (see review by MacGillivray and Rickwood, 1974). Although in higher eukaryotes histones and DNA maintain an approximate one to one ratio, in lower eukaryotes this is not the case. The levels of NHP vary considerably throughout the species. There is some circumstantial evidence to suggest that the amount of NHP is directly related to the amount of transcriptionally active DNA in chromatin. The main definitional problem is to decide which of the many types of molecule within the nucleus should be considered as a genuine component of chromatin. The original preparative procedures simply involved the extraction of whole cells with isotonic saline; however, with the recognition of cytoplasmic proteins, membrane and ribosomes, procedures were altered to exclude these contaminants. Obviously a molecule which never associates at any time with the DNA might not be considered as a part of chromatin, for example, RNA processing enzymes; but what about proteins which are transiently associated with the DNA and furthermore may shuttle between nucleus and cytoplasm?

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Wolfson Laboratory for Molecular Pathology, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden Glasgow, G61 1BD, Scotland

    R. Stewart Gilmour

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  1. R. Stewart Gilmour
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

    Claudio A. Nicolini

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Gilmour, R.S. (1979). Transcriptional Control of Native Chromatin. In: Nicolini, C.A. (eds) Chromatin Structure and Function. NATO Advanced Study Institutes Series, vol 21a. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-0973-4_4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-0973-4_4

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