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Dietary Induced Modifications of Brain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Changes of Free Arachidonic Acid Release During Ischaemia

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Book cover Function and Metabolism of Phospholipids in the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 72))

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Abstract

The adult central nervous system contains high levels of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) derived from the essential fatty acids (EFA) linoleic (18:2 n-6) and linolenic (18:3 n-3) acids. These long- chain derivatives, mainly arachidonic (C 20:4 n-6) and docosahexaenoic (C 22 n-3) acids, are contained preferentially in glycerophospholipids, which are structural constituents of cellular and subcellular membranes and are localized mainly in grey matter. Arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acids accumulate in brain prior to the appearance of fatty acids characteristic of myelin (C 20:1 and C 24:1) in the developing rat brain (1). Membranes with high fluidity, such as mitochondrial and synaptosomal membranes, contain higher levels of PUFA. Little is known about the biological role of PUFA in brain phospholipids, although it appears that their high degree of unsaturation modulates some of the properties of the membranes where they are located. Experimental evidence in progress in several laboratories has shown, for instance, that PUFA levels in membranes influence the activity of the synaptosomal ATPase (2) and the electrical response of rod outer segments in the retina to illumination (3).

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Author information

Author notes

  1. M. Rodriguez

    Present address: Escuela Bioquimica Farmaceutica, Facultad Ciencias, University Habana, Cuba, Italy

  2. R. J. Cenedella

    Present address: Dept. Pharmacology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, W.Va.26506, USA

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Pharmacology and Pharmacognosy, University of Milan, 20129, Milan, Italy

    C. Galli, C. Spagnuolo, M. Rodriguez & R. J. Cenedella

  2. Escuela Bioquimica Farmaceutica, Facultad Ciencias, University Habana, Cuba, Italy

    C. Galli

  3. Dept. Pharmacology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, W.Va.26506, USA

    C. Galli

Authors
  1. C. Galli
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  2. C. Spagnuolo
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  3. M. Rodriguez
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  4. R. J. Cenedella
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy

    Giuseppe Porcellati

  2. Florence, Italy

    Luigi Amaducci

  3. University of Milan, Milan, Italy

    Claudio Galli

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© 1976 Plenum Press, New York

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Galli, C., Spagnuolo, C., Rodriguez, M., Cenedella, R.J. (1976). Dietary Induced Modifications of Brain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Changes of Free Arachidonic Acid Release During Ischaemia. In: Porcellati, G., Amaducci, L., Galli, C. (eds) Function and Metabolism of Phospholipids in the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 72. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-0955-0_27

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-0955-0_27

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-0957-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-0955-0

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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