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Electromagnetic Sounding Methods—Introduction and History

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Book cover Electromagnetic Depth Soundings

Abstract

In exploration geophysics, a distinction is usually made between electrical methods in which direct current is used and those in which alternating currents are used. In the first case, the theory is developed entirely on the basis of the conservation of current, which leads ultimately to the solution of Laplace’s equation in computing the resistivity of the earth from field data. In the AC methods for measuring earth conductivity, a time-varying magnetic field is generated by driving an alternating current through a loop of wire, or through a straight length of wire grounded at both ends. If conductive material is present within the magnetic field so generated, induced or “eddy” currents will flow in closed loops along paths normal to the direction of the magnetic field, in accordance with Ampere’s law. In analysis, these conditions reduce to Maxwell’s equations rather than to Laplace’s equation, and the use of Maxwell’s equation in computing earth conductivity constitutes the electromagnetic method of geophysical prospecting.

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Authors
  1. George V. Keller
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© 1967 Consultants Bureau

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Keller, G.V. (1967). Electromagnetic Sounding Methods—Introduction and History. In: Electromagnetic Depth Soundings. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-0670-2_1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-0670-2_1

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