Abstract
We begin the biography of Kant in the traditional manner, with a history of the city of his birth. The granite of the city shaped, as it were, the rigorous architecture of his thought, the air of the city breathes in it ...
Have the courage to use your own reason.
Kant
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References
Johannes Scherr, Deutsche Kultur- und Sittengeschichte (Leipzig, n.d.), pp. 444, 447.
Franz Mehring, Gesammelte Schriften, “Die Lessinglegende” (Berlin, 1963), vol. IX, p. 113.
ibid., p. 232.
Fritz Gause writes: “The earliest known ancestor of the philosopher is his great-great-grandfather, Richard Kant. He worked in an inn and married the daughter of the innkeeper from Heydekrug, Dorothea Lieder, or Liedert. A deed of the division of property among the inheritors and relations of his deceased wife from 1665 is extant; from the certificate of the interpreter in the proceedings it follows that Richard Kant knew German poorly. He had come from Kantweinen in the district of Prökuls, in northern Memel, which had been settled by the Kurlanders in the sixteenth century.” Fritz Gause, Kant und Königsberg: Ein Buch der Erinnerung an Kants 250. Geburtstag am 22. April 1974 (Leer/Ostfriesland, 1974), p. 11. Gause’s source was an article by Hans and Gertrud Mortensen, “Kants väterliche Ahnen und ihre Umwelt,” in Jahrbuch der Albertus-Universität Königsberg III, (n.p., 1953), p. 56.
Immanuel Kant. Sein Leben in Darstellungen von Zeitgenossen. Biographies by L.E. Borowski, R.B. Jachmann, and A. Ch. Wasianski, (Darmstadt, 1978), p. 163.
Karl Vorländer, Kants Leben, (Hamburg, 1974), p. 4.
ibid., p. 26.
Kant, Gedanken von der wahren Schätzung ..., (Thoughts on the Correct Evaluation of Life Forces) I, p. 24.
ibid., I, p. 10.
ibid.
Kant, Allgemeine Naturgeschichte und Theorie des Himmels ..., (A Universal Natural History and Theory of the Heavens), I, p. 227.
ibid., I, p. 230.
ibid., I, p. 327, f.
ibid., I, p. 306.
ibid., I, p. 321.
ibid., I, p. 366, f.
Letter to Johann Gotthelf Lindner of October 28, 1759 (17).
Kant, Entwurf und Ankündigung eines Collegii der Physischen Geographie (Syllabus of a Course in Physical Geography) IX, p. 427.
Kant, Physische Geographie, (Physical Geography) IX, p. 427.
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Dichtung und Wahrheit (Hamburg, n.d.), vol. IX, p. 30, f.
Kant, Geschichte und Naturbeschreibung ... des Erdbebens ..., (History and physiography ...) I, p. 434.
ibid., I, p. 460.
A. Bolotov: Zhizn’ i priklyucheniya Andreya Bolotova, opisannyie im samym dlya svoikh potomkov (St. Petersburg, 1870), I, p. 623.
Maslovsky, Russkaya armiya v semilyetnyuyu uoynu, (Moscow, 1888, 2nd ed.), appendix 14.
A. Stenbock-Fermor, Der rote Graf (Berlin, 1953).
Bolotov, Der rote Graf (Berlin, 1953), I, p. 631.
Bolotov, Der rote Graf (Berlin, 1953), II, p. 63.
Kant, Versuch einiger Betrachtungen über den Optimismus, (On some Observations about Optimism) II, p. 34.
ibid.
Kant, Gedanken bei dem frühzeitigen Ableben des Herrn Johann Funk, (Thoughts on the Premature Death of Johann Funk) II, p. 42, f.
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© 1987 Birkhäuser Boston Inc.
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Gulyga, A. (1987). Fruits of Enlightenment. In: Immanuel Kant. Birkhäuser Boston. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-0542-2_1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-0542-2_1
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