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Glucose Metabolism in Pregnancy

  • Chapter
Principles of Perinatal-Neonatal Metabolism

Abstract

Pregnancy is a state of ever-increasing fetal demand for fuel. This demand is met through increased caloric intake, hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, and maternal pancreatic islet hypertrophy. In addition, fasting in the pregnant state results in maternal hypoglycemia, elevated plasma lipid concentrations, and hypoaminoacidemia. These maternal adaptive changes serve the unique purpose of self-preservation, with an attempt to use lipid as an alternative fuel in the face of the uninterrupted siphoning of glucose and amino acids to the fetus. The regulation of maternal glucose homeostasis, nutrient flow, and hormonal regulation of maternal and fetal pancreatic function is the subject of this chapter. This discussion of glucose metabolism in pregnancy is divided into three time periods: the first, second, and third trimesters, and a discussion of the postpartum changes is included. For each time period there is a discussion of the normal physiological changes in the pregnant woman and the potential pathological changes in the woman and the fetus.

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Authors
  1. Lois Jovanovic-Peterson
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  2. Charles M. Peterson
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatrics, Brown University Program in Medicine, Providence, RI, 02905, USA

    Richard M. Cowett MD (Professor of Pediatrics) (Professor of Pediatrics)

  2. Department of Pediatrics, Women and Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Providence, RI, 02905, USA

    Richard M. Cowett MD (Professor of Pediatrics) (Professor of Pediatrics)

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Jovanovic-Peterson, L., Peterson, C.M. (1991). Glucose Metabolism in Pregnancy. In: Cowett, R.M. (eds) Principles of Perinatal-Neonatal Metabolism. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-0400-5_8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-0400-5_8

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