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Functional Interaction of the Estrogen Receptor with the Tissue-Specific, Homeodomain Transcription Factor, PIT-1

  • Chapter
Steroid Hormone Receptors: Basic and Clinical Aspects

Part of the book series: Hormones in Health and Disease ((HHD))

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Abstract

The prolactin gene has provided a useful system for analysis of the mechanisms which permit estrogen to stimulate the transcription of specific genes. A least two factors have aided studies of the estrogenic regulation of prolactin gene expression. One advantage of the prolactin system concerns the fact that prolactin is a major product of the pituitary. The relatively high level of prolactin gene expression has facilitated biochemical approaches to the analysis of prolactin production. The relatively high level expression has contributed to the preparation of a number of useful reagents including antibodies to prolactin and cDNAs encoding prolactin. A second factor concerns the availability of cell culture systems in which estrogen can stimulate prolactin gene expression in vitro. The GH clonal pituitary tumor cell lines which were developed by Armen Tashjian and Gordon Sato (Tashjian et al, 1968) have been particularly valuable for these studies. These cells produce both growth hormone and prolactin. A number of different clonal strains are available, with the GH3 cells perhaps the most widely used. While a number of studies have utilized primary cultures of rat pituitary cells, the GH3 cells offer a number of advantages. In particular, these cells have proven to be particularly useful for gene transfer experiments examining the DNA sequences and transcription factors required for expression of the prolactin gene.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Iowa, USA

    Richard A. Maurer

  2. Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, USA

    Richard N. Day

  3. Department of Physiology and Biophysics and Molecular Biology Ph.D. Program, USA

    Yasuhiko Okimura & Barbara E. Nowakowski

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  1. Richard A. Maurer
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  2. Richard N. Day
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  3. Yasuhiko Okimura
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  4. Barbara E. Nowakowski
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan, 48309-4401, USA

    V. K. Moudgil

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© 1994 Birkhäuser Boston

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Maurer, R.A., Day, R.N., Okimura, Y., Nowakowski, B.E. (1994). Functional Interaction of the Estrogen Receptor with the Tissue-Specific, Homeodomain Transcription Factor, PIT-1. In: Moudgil, V.K. (eds) Steroid Hormone Receptors: Basic and Clinical Aspects. Hormones in Health and Disease. Birkhäuser Boston. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-9849-7_5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-9849-7_5

  • Publisher Name: Birkhäuser Boston

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