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Characteristics of the Human Estrogen Receptor Protein Produced in Microbial Expression Systems

  • Chapter
Book cover Steroid Hormone Receptors: Basic and Clinical Aspects

Part of the book series: Hormones in Health and Disease ((HHD))

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Abstract

Steroid and thyroid hormone actions are communicated via intracellular receptors which are members of a complex family of transcriptional regulatory proteins (Evans, 1988; Beato, 1989; O’Malley, 1990). When these regulatory proteins bind their ligands, they recognize DNA-response elements on target cell genes and coordinate their expression. In general, proteins in the steroid receptor superfamily are expressed as a single polypeptide containing three discrete functional domains (Green and Chambon, 1988; McDonnell et al, 1988; Conneely et al, 1988; Farrell et al, 1990; Guichon-Mantel et al, 1989 and Howard et al, 1990). The central domain consists of two zinc-binding finger motifs which interact specifically with hormone-response elements (HRE) on the target genes (Green et al, 1986; Klein-Hitpass et al, 1988; Tsai et al, 1988). Several regions adjacent to the amino-terminus of evolutionarily advanced receptors, i.e. those binding estrogens, progestins, and glucocorticoids, interact with other factors of the transcriptional process as well as with the DNA and hormone-binding domains of the receptor to facilitate transcription (Rusconi and Yamamoto, 1987; Tora et al, 1989a; Dobson et al, 1989; O’Malley, 1990). The hormone-binding domain occupies a large sequence near the carboxyl-terminus of these proteins (Miesfeld, 1989). Inactive (unliganded) receptor proteins are associated with heat shock proteins (hsp90) which dissociate upon binding of the steroid. This event results in active ligand-receptor complexes which then may associate tightly with the HRE stimulating gene transcription (Green and Chambon, 1988; Beato, 1989; Burger and Watson, 1989; Fuller, 1991; Wahli et al, 1991).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Hormone Receptor Laboratory, University of Louisville, USA

    James L. Wittliff, Jing Dong & Christine Schaupp

  2. Department of Physiology & Developmental Biology, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic

    Petr Folk

  3. SmithKline Beecham Pharmaceuticals, King of Prussia, USA

    Tauseef Butt

Authors
  1. James L. Wittliff
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  2. Jing Dong
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  3. Christine Schaupp
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  4. Petr Folk
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  5. Tauseef Butt
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan, 48309-4401, USA

    V. K. Moudgil

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© 1994 Birkhäuser Boston

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Wittliff, J.L., Dong, J., Schaupp, C., Folk, P., Butt, T. (1994). Characteristics of the Human Estrogen Receptor Protein Produced in Microbial Expression Systems. In: Moudgil, V.K. (eds) Steroid Hormone Receptors: Basic and Clinical Aspects. Hormones in Health and Disease. Birkhäuser Boston. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-9849-7_19

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-9849-7_19

  • Publisher Name: Birkhäuser Boston

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4615-9851-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-9849-7

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