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Oxygen Free Radicals in the Pathophysiology of Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion

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Oxygen Free Radicals in Tissue Damage

Abstract

In the setting of an acute myocardial infarction, there is a limited time window after the onset of coronary artery occlusion after which reperfusion is associated with irreversible cardiac injury. Cellular morphology by light and electron microscopy may be only mildly abnormal immediately before reperfusion, but becomes markedly distorted with sarcolemmal disruption, swollen mitochondria, and contraction band necrosis within minutes of reperfusion (Jennings and Ganote, 1974). It has been traditionally held that the major component of this irreversible injury occurs during the ischemic period itself, and that reperfusion only unmasks the latent damage (Braunwald and Kloner, 1985). However, it has become apparent that the conditions of reperfusion can significantly influence ultimate recovery of function (Buckberg, 1986; Kloner et al., 1989), consistent with the possibility that the act of reperfusion may convert potentially reversible ischemic injury into irreversible damage. In addition to this type of irreversible reperfusion injury, reperfusion after shorter durations of ischemia is associated with reversible myocardial dysfunction, or stunning, in which contractile and metabolic abnormalities may persist for hours to weeks before eventually recovering (Braunwald and Kloner, 1982). It has been shown that modifying the conditions of reperfusion can also reduce the severity of stunning (Kitakaze et al., 1988).

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Authors
  1. James N. Weiss
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  2. Joshua I. Goldhaber
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  3. Sen Ji
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Dept. of Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Ctr., Kansas City, KS, 66160-7401, USA

    Merrill Tarr

  2. Ralph L. Smith Research Center, University of Kansas Medical Ctr., Kansas City, KS, 66160-7401, USA

    Fred Samson

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© 1993 Springer Science+Business Media New York

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Weiss, J.N., Goldhaber, J.I., Ji, S. (1993). Oxygen Free Radicals in the Pathophysiology of Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion. In: Tarr, M., Samson, F. (eds) Oxygen Free Radicals in Tissue Damage. Birkhäuser, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-9840-4_13

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-9840-4_13

  • Publisher Name: Birkhäuser, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4615-9842-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-9840-4

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