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Two Principles of Large Artery Dilation: Indirect Endothelium-Mediated and Direct Smooth Muscle Relaxation

  • Chapter
Central and Peripheral Mechanisms of Cardiovascular Regulation

Part of the book series: NATO ASI Series ((NSSA,volume 109))

Abstract

Vasomotion of large arteries can be brought about by two different mechanisms:

  1. 1.)

    Direct effects of various agonists or transmitters on the smooth muscle cells, effecting either contractions or relaxation depending on the induced level of myoplasmic free calcium (which in turn is largely controlled by the concentration of cGMP and the activity of guanylate cyclase).

  2. 2.)

    Vasomotion can also result from indirect effects on vascular smooth muscle. Various agonists and physico-chemical stimuli act on the endothelial surface to release, via the abluminal side, a vasomotor signal to the adjacent vasculature. With regard to endothelium-mediated vasomotion, there is convincing evidence for the presence and significance of an endothelium-derived relaxant factor (EDRF). However there is much less evidence for endothelium-mediated vasoconstriction. Endothelium-mediated relaxation was first shown by Furchgott and Zawadzki in 1980, using a sandwich technique in which EDRF could diffuse from a segment with stimulated endothelium to a non-endothelium-containing indicator vessel segment.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Applied Physiology, University of Freiburg, W-Germany

    Eberhard Bassenge & Ulrich Pohl

Authors
  1. Eberhard Bassenge
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  2. Ulrich Pohl
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Wadsworth Center for Laboratories and Research, Albany, New York, USA

    A. Magro

  2. University of Porto, Porto, Portugal

    W. Osswald

  3. Cornell University Medical College, New York, New York, USA

    D. Reis

  4. Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota, USA

    P. Vanhoutte

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© 1986 Plenum Press, New York

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Bassenge, E., Pohl, U. (1986). Two Principles of Large Artery Dilation: Indirect Endothelium-Mediated and Direct Smooth Muscle Relaxation. In: Magro, A., Osswald, W., Reis, D., Vanhoutte, P. (eds) Central and Peripheral Mechanisms of Cardiovascular Regulation. NATO ASI Series, vol 109. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-9471-0_7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-9471-0_7

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4615-9473-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-9471-0

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