Abstract
Platelet aggregation and degranulation are complex cellular responses initiated by interaction of physiological stimuli with specific plasma membrane receptors. Two immediate effects of the activation of stimulatory platelet receptors have been well documented» namely inhibition of adenylate cyclase1–3 and the cleavage of membrane phosphoinositides to diacylglycerol and inositol phosphates by phospholipase C.3,4 Initial attempts1 at correlating the inhibition of adenylate cyclase with platelet aggregation failed when it was found that although some aggregating agents (e.g. ADP) inhibited adenylate cyclase in intact platelets, others (e.g. vasopressin) did not.2 Moreover, it eventually became clear that inhibition of this enzyme serves only to reduce the inhibition of platelet aggregation by agents that increase platelet cyclic AMP levels, such as PGE1.6 In contrast, evidence that increases in intracellular Ca2+ free could activate platelets3 and that phosphoinositide breakdown was closely associated with Ca2+ mobilization in platelets and other cells,7,8 led to the concept that it is the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipase C that generates the signals leading to platelet aggregation and de-granulation. 9,10
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
E. W. Salzman, Cyclic AMP and platelet function, N. Engl. J. Med., 286:358 (1972).
R. J. Haslam, Roles of cyclic nucleotides in platelet function, Ciba Found. Symp. 35: 121 (1975).
M. B. Feinstein, G. A. Rodan, and L. S. Cutler, Cyclic AMP and calcium in platelet function, in: “Platelets in Biology and Pathology 2,” J. L. Gordon, ed., p.437, Elsevier/North-Holland, Amsterdam (1981).
S. Rittenhouse-Simmons, Production of diglyceride from phosphatidylinositol in activated human platelets, J. Clin. Invest., 63:580 (1979).
E. G. Lapetina, Metabolism of inositides and the activation of platelets, Life Sci. 32:2069 (1983).
R. J. Haslam, M. M. L. Davidson, and J. V. Desjardins, Inhibition of adenylate cyclase by adenosine analogues in preparations of broken and intact human platelets. Evidence for the unidirectional control of platelet function by cyclic AMP, Biochem. J. 176:83 (1978).
R. H. Michell, C. J. Kirk, L. M. Jones, C. P. Downes, and J. A. Creba, The stimulation of inositol lipid metabolism that accompanies calcium mobilization in stimulated cells: defined characteristics and unanswered questions, Philos. Trans. R. Soc. London Ser. B 296:123 (1981).
M. J. Berridge, Inositol trisphosphate and diacylglycerol as second messengers, Biochem. J. 220:345 (1984).
Y. Nishizuka, Turnover of inositol phospholipids and signal transduction, Science 225:1365 (1984).
T. J. Rink and T. J. Hallam, What turns platelets on?, Trends Biochem. Sci. 9:215 (1984).
T. Imaoka, J. A. Lynham, and R. J. Haslam, Purification and characterization of the 47,000-dalton protein phosphorylated during degranulation of human platelets, J. Biol. Chem. 258:11404 (1983).
T. J. Hallam, A. Sanchez, and T. J. Rink, Stimulus-response coupling in human platelets. Changes evoked by platelet-activating factor in cytoplasmic free calcium monitored with the fluorescent calcium indicator quin2, Biochem. J. 218:819 (1984).
W. Siess, P. C. Weber, and E. G. Lapetina, Activation of phospholipase C is dissobiated from arachidonate metabolism during platelet shape change induced by thrombin or platelet-activating factor. Epinephrine does not induce phospholipase C activation or platelet shape change, J. Biol. Chem. 259:8286 (1984).
J. N. Fain and J. A. Garcia-Sainz, Role of phosphatidylinositol turnover in alpha1 and of adenylate cyclase inhibition in alpha2 effects of catecholamines, Life Sci. 26:1183 (1980).
A. G. Gilman, G proteins and dual control of adenylate cyclase, Cell 36:577 (1984).
B. D. Gomperts, Involvement of guanine nucleotide-binding protein in the gating of Ca2+ by receptors, Nature 306:64 (1983).
R. J. Haslam and M. M. L. Davidson, Guanine nucleotides decrease the free [Ca2+] required for secretion of serotonin from permeabilized blood platelets. Evidence of a role for a GTP-binding protein in platelet activation, FEBS Lett. 174:90 (1984).
R. J. Haslam and M. M. L. Davidson, Receptor-induced diacyl-glycerol formation in permeabilized platelets; possible role for a GTP-binding protein, J. Receptor Res. 4:605 (1984).
R. J. Haslam and M. Yanderwel, Inhibition of platelet adenylate cyclase by 1–0-alkyl-2–0-acetyl-sn-glyceryl-3-phosphoryl-choline (platelet-activating factor), J. Biol. Chem. 257: 6879 (1982).
K. A. Williams and R. J. Haslam, Effects of NaCl and GTP on the inhibition of platelet adenylate cyclase by 1–0-octadecyl-2–0-acetyl-sn-glyceryl-3-phosphorylcholine (synthetic platelet activating factor), Biochim. Biophvs. Acta 770:216 (1984).
R. J. Haslam and M. M. L. Davidson, Potentiation by thrombin of the secretion of serotonin from permeabilized platelets equilibrated with Ca2+ buffers. Relationship to protein phosphorylation and diacylglycerol formation, Biochem. J. 222:351 (1984).
P. Hadvary and H. R. Baumgartner, Activation of human and rabbit blood platelets by synthetic structural analogs of platelet activating factor, Thromb. Res. 30:143 (1983).
D. E. Knight and M. C. Scrutton, Direct evidence for a role for Ca2+ in amine storage granule secretion by human platelets, Thromb. Res. 20:437 (1980).
O. V. Miller, D. E. Ayer, and R. R. Gorman, Acetyl glyceryl-phosphorylcholine inhibition of prostaglandin 12-stimulated adenosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate levels in human platelets. Evidence for thromboxane A2 dependence, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 711:445 (1982).
M. Vanderwel, D. S. Lum, and R. J. Haslam, Vasopressin inhibits the adenylate cyclase activity of human platelet particulate fraction through V1-receptors, FEBS Lett. 164:340 (1983).
D. E. Maclntyre and W. K. Pollock, Platelet-activating factor, U44069 and vasopressin stimulate phosphatidyl inositol turnover in human blood platelets, Br. J. Pharmacol. 77:466P (1982).
D. C. B. Mills, Factors influencing the adenylate cyclase system in human blood platelets, In: “Platelets and Thrombosis”, S. Sherry and A. Scriabine, eds., university Park Press, Baltimore (1974).
J. D. Vickers, R. L. Kinlough-Rathbone, and J. F. Mustard, Thrombin and ADP decrease phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bis-phosphate in washed rabbit platelets by different mechanisms, Circulation Res. 70:11–49 (1984).
F. H. Valone, E. Coles, V. R. Reinhold, and E. J. Goetzl, Specific binding of phospholipid platelet-activating factor by human platelets, J. Immunol. 129:1637 (1982).
K. A. Williams, M. Vanderwel, and R. J. Haslam, Effects of proteolysis on the actions of monovalent cations and 1–0-octadecyl-2–0-acetyl-sn-glyceryl-3-phosphorylcholine on platelet adenylate cyclase, FEBS Lett. 166:13 (1984).
L. E. Limbird, GTP and Na+ modulate receptor-adenyl cyclase coupling and receptor-mediated function, Am. J. Physiol. 247:E59 (1984).
K. Aktories, G. Schultz, and K. H. Jakobs, Inactivation of the guanine nucleotide regulatory site mediating inhibition of the adenylate cyclase in hamster adipocytes, Naunyn-Schmiedeberg’s Arch. Pharmacol. 321:247 (1982).
D. E. Knight and M. C. Scrutton, Cyclic nucleotides control a system which regulates Ca2+ sensitivity of platelet secretion, Nature 309:66 (1984).
P. C. Sternweis and J. D. Robishaw, Isolation of two proteins with high affinity for guanine nucleotides from membranes of bovine brain, J. Biol. Chem. 259:13806 (1984).
S.-B. Hwang, C.-S. C. Lee, M. J. Cheah, and T. Y. Shen, Specific receptor sites for 1–0-alkyl-2–0-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (platelet activating factor) on rabbit platelet and guinea pig smooth muscle membranes, Biochemistry 22:4756 (1983).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1985 Plenum Press, New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Haslam, R.J., Williams, K.A., Davidson, M.M.L. (1985). Receptor-Effector Coupling in Platelets: Roles of Guanine Nucleotides. In: Westwick, J., Scully, M.F., MacIntyre, D.E., Kakkar, V.V. (eds) Mechanisms of Stimulus—Response Coupling in Platelets. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 192. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-9442-0_19
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-9442-0_19
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4615-9444-4
Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-9442-0
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive