Abstract
Homeostasis may be viewed as the dynamic balance reached between cellular production and loss. The effectors of proliferation are though to be tissue-specific humoral substances. Inhibitory substances appear to negate the proliferate effects of activator substances. We report here that conditioned medium from cultures of murine “nonlymphoid” adherent thymus cells in a source of a potent myelopoietic inhibitor substance(s). Examination of the inhibitor(s) in the soft-agar clonogenic assay show it to abrogate both the 10-day granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming cell (GM-CFC) and the 25-day monocyte-macrophage colony-forming cell (M-CFC). The inhibition is most significant when the thymus-conditioned medium (TCM) is present upon culture initiation. TCM added at a time after soft-agar initiation (day 6) also results in signficiant clonogenic inhibition. We have characterized the inhibitor as potent on the basis that volume ratios of inhibitor to L-cell colony-stimulating factor (CSF) as low as 1 part to 40 parts will give near total inhibition of both GM-CFC and M-CFC clonogenic growth. The inhibitor is dialyzable, has a molecular weight of less than 1000, is not significantly cytotoxic, and its effects are reversible with washing.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Abbreviations
- GM-CFC:
-
granulocyte-macrophage colonyforming cell
- M-CFC:
-
monocyte-macrophage colony-forming cell
- TCM:
-
thymus-conditioned medium
- CSF:
-
colony-stimulating factor
- LCM:
-
L-cell-contioned medium
- PPD:
-
purified protein derivative
- CIF:
-
cloning inhibitory factor
- PHA:
-
phytohemagglutinin
- PIF:
-
proliferative inhibitory factor
References
Fisher, J.W. and Busuttil, R.W. 1977. Sites of production of erythropoietin. In Kidney Hormones, Vol. 2 (Fisher, J.W., editor). Academic Press, New York, p. 165.
Craddock, C.G. 1972. Production, distribution and fate of granulocytes. In Hematology (Williams, W.J., Beutler, E., Erslev, A.J. and Rundles, R.W., eds). McGraw-Hill, New York, p. 607.
Bentwich, Z. and Kunkel, H.G. 1973. Specific properties of human B and T lymphocytes and alterations in disease. Transplant. Rev. 16:29.
Fisher, E.R. 1964. Pathology of the thymus and its relation to human disease. In The Thymus in Immunobiology (Good, R.A. and Gabrielsen, A.E., eds.). Hoeber-Harper, New York, P. 676.
Bach, J. and Carnaud, C. 1976. Thymic factors. In Progress in Allergy (Kallos, P., Waksman, B.H. and Weck, A., eds.). S. Karger A.G., Basel, Switzerland, p. 342.
Oosterom, R., Kater, L. and Oosterom, J. 1979. Effects of humam thymic epithelial-conditioned medium on mitogen responsiveness of human and mouse lymphoctes. Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol. 12:460.
Goodman, J.W., Basford, N.L. and Shinpock, S.G. 1978. On the role of thymus in hemopoietic differentiation. Blood Cells 4:53.
Kruisbeek, A.M., Astaldi, G.C.B., Blankwater, M.J., Zijlstra, J.J., Levert, L.A. and Astaldi, A. 1978. The in vitro effect of a thymic epithelial culture supernatant on mixed lymphocyte reactivity and intracellular cAMP levels of thymocytes and on antibody production to SRBC by Nu/Nu spleen cells. Cell Immunol. 35:134.
Papiernik, M., Nabarra, B. and Bach, J. 1975. In vitro culture of functional human thymic epithelium. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 19:281.
Pyke, K.W. and Gelfand, E.W. 1974. Morphological and functional maturation of human thymic epithelium in culture. Nature 251:421.
Kruisbeck, A.M., Krose, T.C. and Zylstra, J.J. 1977. Increase in T cell mitogen responsiveness in rat thymocytes by thymic epithelial culture supernatant. Eur. J. Immunol. 7:375.
Lebowitz, A. and Larence, H.S. 1969. Target cell destrubtion by antigen stimulated lymphoctes. Fed. Proc. 28:630.
Lebowitz, A.S. and Lawrence, H.S. 1971. The technique of clonal inhibition: A quantitative assay for human lymphotoxin activity. In In Vitro Methods in Cell Mediated Immunity (Bloom, B.R. and Glade, P.R., eds.). Academic Press, New York, p. 375.
Cooperband, S.R. and Green, J.A. 1971. Production and assay of a lymphocyte derived “proliferation inhibitory factor — PIF.” In In Vitro Methods in Cell Mediation Immunity (Bloom, B.R. and Glade, P.R., eds.). Academic Press, New York, P. 381.
Jordan, R.K. and Crouse, D.A. 1979. Studies on the thymic microenvironment: Morphologic and functional characterization of thymic nonlymphoid cells grown in tissue culture. J. Reticuloendothel. Soc. 26:385.
Jordan, R.K., Crouse, D.A. and Own, J.J.T. 1979. Studies on the thymic microenvironment: Nonlymphoid cells responsible for transferring the microenvironment. J. Reticuloendothel. Soc. 26:373.
Holzman, R.S., Lebowitz, A.S., Valentine, F.T. and Lawrence, H.S. 1973. Preparation and properties of cloning inhibitory factor. Cell. Immunol. 8:240.
Yoshida, T. 1979. Purification and characterization of lymphokines. In Biology of the Lymphokines (Cohen, S., Pkc, E. and Oppenheim, J.J., eds.). Academic, Press, New York, p. 278.
Maschler, R. and Maurer, H.R. 1979. Screening for specific calf thymus inhibitors (chalones) of T-lymphocyte proliferation. Hoppe Seylers Z. Physiol. Chem. 360:735.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1984 Plenum Press, New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Gruber, D.F., David Ledney, G. (1984). Thymic Inhibition of Myelopoietic Proliferation. In: Acton, R.T., Daniel Lynn, J. (eds) Eukaryotic Cell Cultures. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 172. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-9376-8_14
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-9376-8_14
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4615-9378-2
Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-9376-8
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive