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The Role of Oxygen Radicals in Microbial Killing by Phagocytes

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Book cover Biochemistry and Metabolism

Abstract

Recognition of the possibility that phagocytes might employ oxygen radicals as microbicidal agents dates from the discovery by McCord and Fridovich (1969) of the superoxide dismutases, a nearly ubiquitous group of enzymes, which catalyze the destruction of the oxygen radical O2̇ — (superoxide) according to the reaction:

$$ 2{O_{{{{\dot{2}}^{ - }}}}} + 2H{}^{ + } \to {O_{2}} + {H_{2}}{O_{2}} $$

The presence of one or more of these enzymes in virtually every living organism implies an indispensable role for superoxide dismutase in living systems, and from the nature of the dismutase-catalyzed reaction it may be inferred that this role is to protect such systems against fatal damage by O2̇- and its chemical descendants. The initial evidence supporting this assertion—namely, the reported absence of superoxide dismutase from obligate anaerobes (McCord et al., 1971)—has now been found to be incorrect, since newer and more sensitive methods for measuring the activity of the enzyme have shown it to be present, albeit in low concentrations, in Clostridia and other species which are killed by oxygen (Lumsden and Hall, 1975; Hewitt and Morris, 1975).

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  1. Department of Medicine and Blood Research Laboratory, Tufts-New England Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, 02111, USA

    Bernard M. Babior

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  1. St. Margaret’s Hospital for Women, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

    Anthony J. Sbarra

  2. Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

    Anthony J. Sbarra

  3. Albert Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

    Robert R. Strauss

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Babior, B.M. (1980). The Role of Oxygen Radicals in Microbial Killing by Phagocytes. In: Sbarra, A.J., Strauss, R.R. (eds) Biochemistry and Metabolism. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-9134-4_13

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