Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Degradation of Polymeric Carbohydrates by Microbial Enzymes

  • Chapter
The Structure, Biosynthesis, and Degradation of Wood

Part of the book series: Recent Advances in Phytochemistry ((RAPT,volume 11))

Abstract

Higher animals prepare solid foods for digestion by mastication, grinding and other means of disintegration. Microorganisms must proceed in another manner. Spores of wood rotting fungi are brought to their substrate by wind, water or insects. In a moist environment, they germinate and the hyphae advance along open spaces till they reach a barrier, which they proceed to penetrate by physical or chemical means. The hyphal tip liberates the enzymes required to catalyze hydrolysis of the wall components, and grows into the space so liberated (Fig. 1), maintaining close contact with the wall. Bacteria behave similarly but with less ability to penetrate and advance rapidly into a complex structure.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Abdullah, M., I. D. Fleming, P. M. Taylor, W. S. Whelan., 1963. Biochem. J. 89: 35 p.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Albersheim, P., H. Neukom, H. Deuel., 1960. Helv. Chim. Acta 43: 1422.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Ander, P., K. E. Eriksson., 1975. Svensk. Papper. 78: 643.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Araki, Y., T. Nakatani, H. Hayashi, E. Ito., 1971. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 42: 691.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Barnett, J. E. G., W. T. S. Jarvis., 1967. Biochem. J., 105: 9 p.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Barras, D. R., B. A. Stone., 1969. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 191: 342.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Berghem, L., L. G. Pettersson., 1973. Euro. J. Biochem. 37: 21.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Berghem, L., L. G. Pettersson., 1974. Euro. J. Biochem. 46: 295.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Brown, R., 1975. Personal communication.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Charpentier, M., D. Robic., 1974. C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris 279 (D): 863.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Cowling, E., 1975. Biochem. & Bioeng. Symp. No. 5, 163 ( C. R. Wilkie, ed.). John Wiley & Sons, N. Y.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Crook, E. M., B. A. Stone., 1957. Biochem. J. 65: 1.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. de Haas, G., 1973. J. Biol. Chem. 248: 4023.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Doi, K., A. Doi, T. Fukui., 1971. J. Biochem. 70: 111.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Ebata, S., Y. Santomura., 1963. Agr. Biol. Chem. 27: 478.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Emert, G. H., E. K. Gum, J. A. Lang, T. H. Liu, R. D. Brown., 1974. Adv. Chem. Ser. #136, p. 79. ACS, Washington, D.C.

    Google Scholar 

  17. English, P. D., J. B. Jurale, P. Albersheim., 1971. Plant Physiol. 47: 1.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Eriksson, K. E., B. Pettersson, U. Westermark., 1974. FEBS Letters 49: 282.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Eveleigh, D., 1969. Personal communication.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Eveleigh, D. E., A. S. Perlin., 1969. Carbohyd. Res., 10: 87.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Fahraeus, G., 1967. Acta Chem. Scand. 21: 2367.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Fridovich, I., 1972. Ace. Chem. Res. 5: 321.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Gum, E., 1974. Ph.D. Dissertation. Dept. Biochemis try, VPI, Blacksburg, Va.

    Google Scholar 

  24. Halliwell, G, 1965. Biochem. J. 95: 35.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Hamauzu, Z., K. Hiroma, S. Ono., 1965. J. Biochem. (Japan) 57: 39.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Hasegawa, S., J. H. Nordin, S. Kirkwood., 1969. J. Biol. Chem. 244: 5460.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Hatanaka, C., J. Ozawa., 1969. Ber. Ohara Inst. Landwirt. Biol. 15: 25.

    Google Scholar 

  28. Hatanaka, C., J. Ozawa., 1970. Agr. Biol. Chem. (Tokyo) 34: 1618.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Hehre, E. J., G. Okada, D. S. Genghof., 1969. Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 135: 75.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Huotari, F., T. Nelson, F. Smith, S. Kirkwood., 1968. J. Biol. Chem. 243: 952.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Hutson, D. H., H. Weigl., 1963. Biochem. J. 88: 588.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Jansen, J. C., 1972. Ph.D. Dissertation. Acta Univ. Upsaliensis, Uppsala, Sweden.

    Google Scholar 

  33. Keegstra, K., K. W. Talmadge, W. D. Bauer, P. Albersheim., 1973. Plant Physiol. 51: 188.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Kerstens-Hilderson, H., M. Ciaessens, E. Van Doorslaer, C. K. De Bruyn., 1976. Carbohyd. Res. 47: 269.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Klop, M., P. Kooiman., 1965. Biochem. Bioiphys. Acta 99: 102.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Kobayashi, T., 1954. J. Agr. Chem. SOG. (Jap.) 28: 352.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Koenigs, J. W., 1975. In Cellulose as a Chemical and Energy Source (C. R. Wilkie, ed.), p., 151. John Wiley & Sons, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  38. Kuhn, R., 1924. Ber. 57: 1965.

    Google Scholar 

  39. Lampen, J. O., S. C. Kuo, F. R. Cano, J. S. Tkacz., 1972. Proo. NIFS Ferment. Teohn. Today 819–24.

    Google Scholar 

  40. Leatherwood, J. M., 1969. Advan. Chem. Ser. 95: 53.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Li, L. H., R. M. Flora, K. King., 1965. Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 11: 439.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. Linderstrom-Lang, K., 1952. Proteins and Enzymes. Stanford Univ. Press, Stanford, California.

    Google Scholar 

  43. Mandels, Mary, J. Kostick, R. Parizek., 1971. J. Polymer Sci. (C) 36: 445.

    Google Scholar 

  44. Mandels, Mary, F. W. Parrish, E. T. Reese., 1962. J. Bacteriol. 83: 400.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. McCroskery, P. A., S. Wood, E. D. Harris., 1973. Science 182: 70.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Marshall, J. J., 1974. Carbohyd. Res. 34: 289.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Marshall, J. J., 1974. Adv. Carbohyd. Chem. & Biochem. 30: 251.

    Google Scholar 

  48. Marx, J. L., 1973. Science 180: 482.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Niwa, T., S. Inouye, T. Tsuruoka, Y. Koaze, T. Nüda., 1970. Agr. Biol. Chem. (Toyko) 34: 966.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Palmer, R. E., R. L.,erson., 1972. J. Biol. Chem. 247: 3420.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Parrish, F. W., E. T. Reese., 1967. Carbohyd. Res. 3: 424.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. Perlin, A., 1963. In Advances in Enzymic Hydrolysis of Cellulose and Related Materials. Pergamon Press, N.Y.

    Google Scholar 

  53. Perlin, A. S., 1965. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comrnun., 18: 538.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. Perlin, A., E. T. Reese., 1963. Can. J. Biochem. Physiol. 41: 1842.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Pettersson, G., 1969. Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 130: 286.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Potts, R. C., 1974. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. (B) 47: 327.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. Rees, D. A., 1975. In Carbohydrates (G. O. Aspinall, ed.). Butterworths, England.

    Google Scholar 

  58. Reese, E. T., 1968. In Organic Matter and Soil Fertility, p. 535. Pontif. Acad. Sci., Rome, Italy.

    Google Scholar 

  59. Reese, E. T., 1975. In Biological Transformation of Wood by Microorganisms (W. Liese, ed.), p., 165. Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, Germany.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  60. Reese, E. T., J. E. Lola, F. W. Parrish., 1969. J. Bacteriol., 100: 1151.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. Reese, E. T., A. H. Maguire, F. W. Parrish., 1968. Can. J. Biochem. 46: 25.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. Reese, E. T., Mary Mandels., 1964. Can. J. Microbiol., 10: 103.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. Reese, E. T., F. W. Parrish, M. Ettlinger., 1971. Carbohyd. Res. 18: 381.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. Robyt, J., R. J. Ackerman., 1971. Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 145: 105.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. Rypacek, V., 1975. Drevarsky Vysksm. 20: 1.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. Sakano, Y., N. Masuda, T. Kobayashi., 1971. Agr. Biol. Chem. (Tokyo) 35: 971.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. Sarda, L., P. Desneulle., 1958. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 30: 513.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. Sawai, T., Y. Niwa., 1975. Agr. Biol. Chem. (Tokyo) 30: 1077.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  69. Shibaoka, T., K. Miyano, T. Watanabe., 1974. J. Biochem. (Japan) 76: 475.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. Shibata, Y., 1974. J. Biochem. (Japan) 75: 85.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. Storviek, W. O., F. E. Cole, K. W. King., 1963. Biochemistry 2: 1106.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  72. Sugiura, M., A. Ito, T. Yamagachi., 1974. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 350: 61.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  73. Suzuki, H., K. Yamane, K. Nisizawa., 1969. Advan. Chem. Ser. 95: 60.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  74. Tanaka, K., T. Uchiyama, A. Ito., 1972. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 284: 248.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  75. Thoma, J., 1971. J. Biol. Chem. 246: 5621.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  76. von Hofsten, B., 1975. In Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Cellulose (M. Bailey, T. M. Enari, M. Linko, eds.) p. 281. SITRA, Aulanko, Finland.

    Google Scholar 

  77. Walker, Gwen., 1976. Personal communication.

    Google Scholar 

  78. Walker, Gwen and A. Pulkownik., 1973. Carbohyd. Res. 29: 1.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  79. Westermark, U., K. E. Eriksson., 1975. Acta Chem. Scand. (B) 28: 204.

    Google Scholar 

  80. Whelan, W. J., 1971. Proc. Intnl. Symp. Conversion and Manufacture of Food Stuffs by Microorganisms, p. 87. Kyoto, Japan.

    Google Scholar 

  81. Whelan, W. J., G. S. Drummond, E. E. Smith, H. Tai., 1969. FEBS Meeting Abstract 102.

    Google Scholar 

  82. Whitaker, D. R., 1954. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 53: 436.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  83. Yamamoto, S., R. Kobayashi, S. Nagasaki., 1974. Agr. Biol. Chem. (Tokyo) 35: 1493.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  84. Young, K. K., C. Hong, M. Duckworth, W. Yaphe., 1971. Proc. 7th Intnl. Seaweed Symposium, p. 469. Univ. Tokyo Press, Japan.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Food Science Laboratory, U.S. Army Research and Development Command, Natick, Massachusetts, 01769, USA

    E. T. Reese

Authors
  1. E. T. Reese
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA

    Frank A. Loewus

  2. The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

    V. C. Runeckles

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1977 Plenum Press, New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Reese, E.T. (1977). Degradation of Polymeric Carbohydrates by Microbial Enzymes. In: Loewus, F.A., Runeckles, V.C. (eds) The Structure, Biosynthesis, and Degradation of Wood. Recent Advances in Phytochemistry, vol 11. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-8873-3_8

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-8873-3_8

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4615-8875-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-8873-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation