Abstract
Textbooks on hypnotism commonly assert that auditory and visual hallucinations can be produced in hypnotized subjects by appropriate suggestions [4, 7, 8, 9, 10, l5]. This assertion is often ambiguous because the authors do not state clearly what they mean by the terms hallucination and hypnotized. However, if we look at the empirical studies from which the assertion is derived, we usually find that the investigator carried out the following procedures, from which we can derive operational definitions of the terms: (a) the subjects were exposed to various suggestions and instructions which were labeled as an hypnotic-induction procedure; (b) after the hypnotic-induction procedure, the subjects were given suggestions to hear sounds and to see objects (that were not actually present); and (c) the subjects stated that they clearly heard and clearly saw the (suggested) sounds and objects and some subjects also stated that they believed that the (suggested) sounds and objects were actually present.
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References
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Barber, T.X. (1970). Hypnosis, Suggestions, and Auditory-Visual “Hallucinations”: A Critical Analysis. In: Keup, W. (eds) Origin and Mechanisms of Hallucinations. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-8645-6_15
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-8645-6_15
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