Abstract
In recent years, the demand for aquatic weed-free surface waters is on the increase. This is occasioned by greater and greater demands by the public for recreational and potable waters. One approach is to control aquatic weed growth in surface waters through the application of chemical herbicides. Several compounds and formulations are available of which diquat (l,lā-ethylene-2,2ā-bipyridylium dibromide) and paraquat (1,1ā-dimethyl-4,4ā-bipyridylium dimethyl sulfate) are effective. These compounds are divalent cations and are quite soluble in water to the extent of 70 percent and greater. Furthermore, these compounds resist biological degradation in aquatic environments (Hemmett 1968). Hence they may persist after an initial application for considerable periods of time and affect water quality for human consumption. The question of organic pesticide effects on water quality has been reviewed recently by Faust and Suffet (1966).
Paper of the Journal Series, New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Department of Environmental Sciences, New Brunswick, N.J.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Coats, G. E., H. H. Funderburk, J. M. Lawrence, and D. E. Davis: Persistence of diquat and paraquat in pools and ponds. Proc. S. Weed Conf. 17, 308 (1964)
ā Factors affecting persistence and inactivation of diquat and paraquat. Weed Research 6, 58 (1966)
Diamond, S., and E. B. Kinter: Surface areas of clay minerals as derived from measurements of glycerol retention. In: Clays and clay minerals. NAS-NRC Publ. No. 566, p. 334 (1958)
Faust, S. D., and N. E. Hunter: Chemical methods for the detection of aquatic herbicides. J. Amer. Water Works Assos. 57, 1028 (1965)
ā, and I. H. Suffet: Recovery, separation, and identification of organic pesticides from natural and potable waters. Residue Reviews 15, 44 (1966)
Gomaa, H. M., and S. D. Faust: Kinetics of chemical oxidation of dipyridylium quaternary salts. J. Agr. Food Chem., In press (1969)
Harris, C. I., and G. F. Warren: Adsorption and desorption of herbicides by soil. Weeds 12, 120 (1964)
Hemmett, R.: Private communication (1968)
Knight, B. A. G., and T. E. Tomlinson: The interaction of paraquat with mineral soils. J. Soil Sei. 18, 233 (1967)
Snoeyink, V. L., and W. J. Weber, Jr.: The surface chemistry of active carbon. Environ. Sei. Technol. 1, 228 (1967)
Tucker, B. V., D. E. Pack, and J. N. Ospenson: Adsorption of bipyridylium herbicides in soil. J. Agr. Food Chem. 15, 1005 (1967)
Wayman, C. H.: Adsorption on clay mineral surfaces. In Faust and Hunter (ed.): Principles and applications of water chemistry, p. 142. New York: Wiley (1967)
Weber, J. B. and H. D. Coble: Microbial decomposition of diquat adsorbed on montmorillonite and kaolinite clays. J. Agr. Food Chem. 16, 475 (1968)
ā, and D. C. Scott: Availability of a cationic herbicide adsorbed on clay minerals to cucumber seedlings. Science 152, 1300 (1966)
ā, P. W. Perry, and R. P. Upchurch: The influence of temperature and time on the adsorption of paraquat, diquat, 2,4-D and prometone by clays, charcoal, and an anion-exchange resin. Proc. Soil Sei. Soc. Amer. 29, 678 (1965)
ā, T. M. Ward, and S. B. Weed: Adsorption and desorption of diquat, paraquatoprometone, and 2,4-D by charcoal and exchange resins. Proc. Soil Sei Soc Amer. 32, 197 (1968)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
Ā© 1969 Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
About this paper
Cite this paper
Faust, S.D., Zarins, A. (1969). Interaction of diquat and paraquat with clay minerals and carbon in aqueous solutions. In: Gunther, F.A. (eds) Decontamination of Pesticide Residues in the Environmental. Residue Reviews, vol 29. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-8455-1_11
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-8455-1_11
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4615-8457-5
Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-8455-1
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive