Abstract
The amount of tropospheric water vapor is highly variable in both time and space; therefore the effect of vapor on certain observing systems must be reckoned with in real time. Examples may be encountered in determining heat balance in climatology, in cloud seeding experiments, in mesoscale meteorology, and in atmospheric absorption at millimeter wavelengths for radio astronomy and space communications. At microwave wavelengths, the vapor has strong refractive (Bean and Dutton, 1966) as well as absorptive properties. Therefore radio waves traversing the troposphere undergo a varying delay which is evidenced as a changing phase shift. Since varying delay is location dependent, paths through the atmosphere that are widely separated, as in Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI), introduce uncorrelated phase shifts. In VLBI, this effect limits the quality of the interference fringes and therefore the resolution of the radio interferometer (Hinder and Ryle, 1971). However, if an independent measurement of integrated water vapor can be obtained on the paths, real time correction for these phase shifts can be made.
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© 1983 Plenum Press, New York
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Hogg, D.C., Guiraud, F.O., Snider, J.B., Decker, M.T., Westwater, E.R. (1983). Microwave Radiometry for Measurement of Water Vapor. In: Button, K.J. (eds) Reviews of Infrared and Millimeter Waves. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-7766-9_4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-7766-9_4
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