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Issues and Reviews in Teratology pp 251–284Cite as

Restorative Growth in Mammalian Embryos

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Abstract

The preceding three quotations encompass the subject of this chapter but do not define it. Far from being a review of regeneration, compensatory growth, and catch-up growth, it is intended to draw attention to an issue that has received scant direct attention, namely the ability of the mammalian embryo to repair or correct damage that has been inflicted upon it. I also hope to indicate possible ways in which such an ability may obscure the site and extent of initial damage and impinge upon the teratogenic outcome of that damage.

What stands out is the large discrepancy between the enormous destruction of differentiating cells in these early embryos and the resultant very slight malformation that occurs in some stages. This regenerative capacity of the mammalian embryo in the face of injury makes it necessary to revise our previous concept of relating the mechanism of malformation almost entirely to destruction of building blocks. Injury has, of course, been related to malformation but repair was an unknown factor. (Hicks, 1954a)

A most striking characteristic of the growth of mammals is that it is self-stabilising, or, to take another analogy ‘target seeking.’ . . . Deflect the child from its natural growth trajectory by acute malnutrition or a sudden lack of a hormone, and a restoring force develops so that as soon as the missing food or hormone is supplied again the child catches up towards its original curve. (Tanner, 1963)

Compensatory growth is exhibited by nearly every organ and tissue of the body in response to overwork. There are no tissues (except for teeth) incapable of repairing injuries to themselves, and in some forms considerable feats of regeneration may occur. (Goss, 1978)

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  1. MRC Mammalian Development Unit, Wolfson House, University College London, London, NW1 2HE, England

    Michael H. L. Snow

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  1. Children’s Hospital Research Foundation and Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA

    Harold Kalter

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Snow, M.H.L. (1983). Restorative Growth in Mammalian Embryos. In: Kalter, H. (eds) Issues and Reviews in Teratology. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-7311-1_9

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