Abstract
Animal and plant populations in natural biotic communities are relatively stable and outbreaks of any one species are rare (MacFadyen, 1957). Furthermore, st species exist at relatively low population levels. In these natural communities, most animals are classified as herbivores, parasites, or predators; few species are truly saprophytic (Pimentel, 1969). Ecologists refer to this phenomenon as species equilibria in community structures.
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© 1976 Plenum Press, New York
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Glass, E.H. (1976). Pest Management: Principles and Philosophy. In: Apple, J.L., Smith, R.F. (eds) Integrated Pest Management. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-7269-5_4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-7269-5_4
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