Abstract
The term “physiological factor” was introduced by Bazin et al. (1979) for a time-activity curve detected above the separate compartment of a radio-pharmaceutical in the body. Considering formally the elementary time-activity curves recorded in dynamic radionuclide study as vectors then the physiological factors can be regarded as a non-orthogonal base of the corresponding vector space. Under certain restrictive conditions this base can be found by the methods of factor analysis.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Barber, D. C. (1980). The use of principal components in the quantitative analysis of gamma camera dynamic studies, Phys. Med. Biol., 25, 283–292.
Barber, D. C. and Nijran, K. S. (1982). Factor analysis of dynamic radionuclide studies, in: Nuclear Medicine and Biology, C. Raynaud, ed., Pergamon Press, Paris, 31–34.
Bazin, J. P., DiPaola, R., Gibaud, B., Rougier, P. and Tubiana, M. (1979). Factor analysis of dynamic scintigraphic data as a modelling method. An application to the detection of metastases, in: Information Processing in Medical Imaging, R. DiPaola and E. Kahn, eds., INSERM 88, Paris, 345–366.
Bazin, J. P. and DiPaola, R. (1982). Advances in factor analysis applications in dynamic function studies, in: Nuclear Medicine and Biology, C. Raynaud, ed., Pergamon Press, Paris, 35–38.
Bazin, J. P., DiPaola, R., Aubry, F., Aurengo, A., Capderou, A., Cavailloles, F., Cinotti, L., Herry, J. Y. and Lumbroso, J. (1984). Factor analysis of dynamic structures, Informatek Users Group Newsletter, 1, 3–15.
Benzécri, J. P. (1969). Statistical analysis as a tool to make patterns emerge from data, in: Methodologies of Pattern Recognition, S. Watanabe, ed., Academic Press, New York, 35–74.
Bierman, G. J. (1977). Factorization Methods for Discrete Sequential Estimation, Academic Press, New York.
Blahus, P. (1985). Factor Analysis and its Generalization (in Czech), SNTL, Prague.
Cavailloles, F., Bazin, J. P. and DiPaola, R. (1984). Factor analysis in gated cardiac studies, J. Nucl. Med., 25, 1067–1079.
DiPaola, R., Penel, C., Bazin, J. P. and Berche, C. (1975). Factor analysis and scintigraphy, in: Information Processing in Scintigraphy
C. Raynaud and A. Todd-Pokropek, eds., Proceedings of the IVth International Conference, Orsay, 91–123.
DiPaola, R., Bazin, J. P., Aubry, F., Aurengo, A., Cavailloles, F., Herry, J. Y. and Kahn, E. (1982). Handling of dynamic sequences in nuclear medicine, IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci., NS-29, 1310–1321.
DiPaola, R., Boudet, F., Bazin, J. P., Aubert, B. and Ricard, M. (1985). Factor analysis in routine quality control of gamma camera energy correction, Poster Presentation, European Nuclear Medicine Congress, London.
Eckart, C. and Young, G. (1936). The approximation of one matrix by another of lower rank, Psychometrika, 1, 211–218.
Goris, M. L. (1982). Functional or parametric images, J. Nucl. Med., 23, 360–362.
Gremillet, E., Herrmann, T., Essabah, H., Rusch, P., Champailler, A. and Healy, J. C. (1986). New non-invasive method for assessment of 99mTc-RBC cerebral transit: a quantitative use of factorial analysis, Nuklearmedizin, Suppl. 22, 21–22.
Harman, H. H. (1960). Modern Factor Analysis, University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
Herry, J. Y., Bazin, J. P., Bourguet. P., DiPaola, M. and DiPaola, R. (1982). Factor analysis of dynamic structures. Application to kinetics of hepatobiliary traces, in: Nuclear Medicine and Biology, C. Raynaud, ed., Pergamon Press, Paris, 2240–2243.
Horst, P. (1965). Factor Analysis of Data Matrices, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, New York.
Houston, A. S. (1984). The effect of apex-finding errors on factor images obtained from factor analysis and oblique transformation, Phys. Med. Biol., 29, 1109–1116.
Houston, A. S. (1986). The use of set theory and cluster analysis to investigate the constraint problem in factor analysis in dynamic structures, in: Information Processing in Medical Imaging, S. L. Bacharach, ed., Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, Dordrecht, 177–192.
Houston, A. S., MacLeod, M. A. and Sampson, F. D. (1979). Principal component analysis as an aid to classification of renal dynamic studies, Eur. J. Nucl. Med., 4, 295–299.
Johnson, R. M. (1963). On a theorem stated by Eckart and Young, Psychometrika, 28, 259–263.
Jöreskog, K. G. (1963). Statistical Estimation in Factor Analysis, Almquist and Wiksell, Uppsala.
Jöreskog, K. G., Klovan, J. E. and Reyment, R. A. (1976). Geological Factor Analysis, Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company, Amsterdam.
Kaiser, H. F. (1958). The varimax criterion for analytic rotation in factor analysis, Psychometrika, 23, 187–200.
Kârnÿ, M. (1982). Recursive parameter estimation of regression model when the interval of possible values is given, Kybernetika (Prague), 18, 37–49.
Nijran, K. S. and Barber, D. C. (1985). Towards automatic analysis of dynamic radionuclide studies using principal component factor analysis, Phys. Med. Biol., 30, 1315–1325.
Nijran, K. S. and Barber, D. C. (1986). Factor analysis of dynamic function studies using a priori physiological information, Phys. Med. Biol., 31, 1107–1117.
Oppenheim, B. E. and Appledorn, C. R. (1979). Functional renal imaging using factor analysis, in: Information Processing in Medical Imaging, R. DiPaola and E. Kahn, eds., INSERM 88, Paris, 321–334.
Pavel, D. G. and Briandet, P. A. (1983). Quo vadis phase analysis, Clin. Nucl. Med., 8, 564–575.
Pavel, D. G., Briandet, P. A., Fang, R. B., Zolnierczyk, K. and Sychra, J. (1984). The normal heart: patterns for various functional images obtained from radionuclide gated equilibrium studies, in: Informatioín Processing in Medical Imaging, F. Deconinck, ed., Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, Boston, 250–265.
Pavel, D. G., Sychra, J., Olea, E., Kahn, C., Virupannavar, S., Zolnierczyk, K. and Shanes, J. (1986). Factor analysis: its place in the evaluation of ventricular regional wall motion abnormalities, in: Information Processing in Medical Imaging, S. L. Bacharach, ed., Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, Dordrecht, 193–206.
Sâmal, M., Súrovâ, H., Maríkovâ, E., Kârnÿ, M. and Dienstbier, Z. ( 1986 a). Improved precision, quantitative expression and enhancement of physiological factors in factor analysis of dynamic studies, Nuklearmedizin, Suppl. 22, 649–650.
Sâmal, M., Súrovâ, H., Kârnÿ, M., Maríkovâ, E., Michalovâ, K. and Dienstbier, Z. ( 1986 b). Enhancement of physiological factors in factor analysis of dynamic studies, Eur. J. Nucl. Med., 12, 280–283.
Sâmal, M., Kârn, M., Súrovâ, H., Maríkovâ, E., and Dienstbier, Z. (1987). Rotation to simple structure in factor analysis of dynamic radionuclide studies, Phys. Med. Biol., 32, 371–382.
Schmidlin, P. (1979). Quantitative evaluation and imaging of functions using pattern recognition methods, Phys. Med. Biol., 24, 385–395.
Schmidlin, P. and Rösel, F. (1975). Application of factor analysis for scintigraphic picture processing, in: Information Processing in Scintigraphy, C. Raynaud and A. Todd-Pokropek, eds., Proceedings of the IVth International Conference, Orsay, 80–90.
Soussaline, F., Todd-Pokropek, A. E., DiPaola, R. and Bazin, J. P. (1975). Techniques for combining isotopic images obtained at different energies, in: Information Processing in Scintigraphy, C. Raynaud and A. Todd-Pokropek, eds., Proceedings of the IVth International Conference, Orsay, 17–42.
Thurstone, L. L. (1947). Multiple Factor Analysis, University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
Uberla, K. (1971). Faktorenanalyse (in German), Springer Verlag, Berlin. Villanueva-Meyer, J., Philippe, L., Cordero, S., Marcus, C. S. and Mana, I. (1986). Use of factor analysis in the evaluation of left to right cardiac shunts. J. Nucl. Med., 27, 1442–1448.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1988 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Šámal, M., Sůrová, H., Kárný, M., Maříková, E., Pěnička, P., Dienstbier, Z. (1988). The Reality and Meaning of Physiological Factors. In: de Graaf, C.N., Viergever, M.A. (eds) Information Processing in Medical Imaging. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-7263-3_33
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-7263-3_33
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4615-7265-7
Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-7263-3
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive