Abstract
Fluids give and flow under stress. Newtonians are the simplest of fluids, and they are characterized by the property that the velocity gradient at a point is proportional to the shear stress at that point, thus
All other fluids are called non-Newtonians. Air, water, steam, all gases, and most fluids consisting of simple molecules are Newtonians. Dense suspensions, slurries, emulsions, solutions of long-chain polymers, biological fluids,
liquid foods, paints, clay suspensions, and concrete mix are, as a rule, non-Newtonian.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References and Related Readings
A. H. P. Skelland, Non-Newtonian Flow and Heat Transfer, Wiley, New York (1967). Excellent primary reference; go here first.
S. E. Charm, The Fundamentals of Food Engineering, Second ed., Ch. 3, Avi, Westport (1971). Hurriedly written and difficult to follow but has much useful material.
H. G. Muller, An Introduction to Food Rheology, Crane Russak, New York (1973). Delightful gem, even recommended for bedtime reading.
G. W. Govier and K. Aziz, The Flow of Complex Mixtures in Pipes, Von Nostrand Reinhold, New York (1972). Afraid to leave anything out, has everything; an omni-book.
R. B. Bird, G. C. Dai, and B. J. Yarusso, Reviews in Chemical Engineering, 1, 1 (1982). A good, well-organized review of theory and experiment on flow and heat transfer of non-Newtonians having a yield stress.
NOTE: Most of the data in this chapter on the flow properties of non-Newtonians are gathered from Skelland, Charm, and Muller and from the Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 47th ed., Chemical Rubber, Boca Raton, FL (1966).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1984 Plenum Press, New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Levenspiel, O. (1984). Non-Newtonian Fluids. In: Engineering Flow and Heat Exchange. The Plenum Chemical Engineering Series. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6907-7_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6907-7_5
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4615-6909-1
Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-6907-7
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive