Abstract
The mean free path (mfp) of molecules increases when the gas pressure is reduced, and at low enough pressure the (mfp) is so large that the molecules begin to bounce from wall to wall of the flow channel rather than collide with each other. When this happens the character of the flow changes. Thus, different flow regimes are encountered depending on the value of the ratio
where Kn is called the Knudsen number.
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References and Further Readings
A. S. D. Barrett, and B. D. Power, in Chemical Engineering Practice (H. W. Cremer and T. Davies, eds.), Vol. 5, Academic Press, New York (1958).
S. Dushman, Scientific Foundation of Vacuum Technique, Wiley, New York (1949). Complete and comprehensive.
M. Knudsen, Ann. Phys. 28, 75, 999 (1909). These papers laid the foundations and developed the basics of the whole field.
R. Loevinger, in Vacuum Equipment and Technique, (A. Guthrie and R. K. Wakerling, eds.), Chapter 1, McGraw-Hill, New York (1949). A nice, simple treatment of pumping systems.
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© 1984 Plenum Press, New York
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Levenspiel, O. (1984). Molecular Flow. In: Engineering Flow and Heat Exchange. The Plenum Chemical Engineering Series. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6907-7_4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6907-7_4
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