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The Conceptual and Experimental Foundations of Vertebrate Embryonic Cell Adhesion Research

  • Chapter
A Conceptual History of Modern Embryology

Part of the book series: Developmental Biology ((DEBO,volume 7))

Abstract

As embryology underwent its transformation from a descriptive to an experimental science, new research programs began to seek a causal understanding of the striking morphogenetic changes that had been observed to occur during embryogenesis. Whether these underlying morphogenetic forces were intrinsic properties of individual cells or whether they were some holistic property of the embryo in toto was a question fueled by several sources. On the one hand, His (1) hypothesized that morphogenetic movements occurred as a result of unequal growth among different populations of cells which led to bending and stretching of tissues, much as pushing and pulling on a sheet of some deformable material could lead to the production of complicated shapes. Roux (2), on the other hand, claimed to have observed specific positive and negative cytotropisms among populations of individual cells isolated from early amphibian embryos. The issue of developmental regulation as a cell-autonomous property, as opposed to a holistic expression of special attributes of embryos, was further exacerbated by the disparate interpretations of Roux (3) and Driesch (4) regarding their experiments on the developmental fate of isolated amphibian and sea urchin embryo blastomeres. While Roux’s interpretation of independent cellular development in these specific cases were not supported by later investigation, his methods nevertheless served as a potent stimulus for further investigation on the individual cellular behaviors that contributed to the overall program of morpho-genesis.

Oh that this too too solid flesh would melt, Thaw and resolve itself into a dew!

Hamlet, Act I, Scene II

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  1. Department of Anatomy, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19107, USA

    Gerald B. Grunwald

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  1. Department of Biology, Swarthmore College, 19081, Swarthmore, Pennsylvania, USA

    Scott F. Gilbert

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Grunwald, G.B. (1991). The Conceptual and Experimental Foundations of Vertebrate Embryonic Cell Adhesion Research. In: Gilbert, S.F. (eds) A Conceptual History of Modern Embryology. Developmental Biology, vol 7. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6823-0_7

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