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Oogenesis pp 525–576Cite as

Informational Content of the Echinoderm Egg

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Part of the book series: Developmental Biology ((DEBO,volume 1))

Abstract

By the early years of this century, experimental embryologists had demonstrated that the cytoplasm of the egg contains informational materials that are not always evenly distributed and whose segregation during cleavage can result in the divergence and limitation of the developmental potentials of the blastomeres that come to contain them. Moreover, it was found that many processes of early embryonic development (i.e., cleavage, changes in cell shape, morphogenesis, and cellular specializations such as growth of cilia) may occur in the absence of nuclear genomic activity. The definition of the role and structure of DNA led to the demonstration of the role of messenger RNA (mRNA) in protein synthesis by the early 1960s. Shortly thereafter, experiments on the sea urchin led to the development of the hypothesis that the egg contains a store of maternal mRNA, which supports protein synthesis during early embryonic development. Compelling evidence for the extensive utilization of stored maternal mRNA was developed, and the cytoplasmic informational molecules defined by the earlier experimental embryologists are frequently thought to include stored mRNAs. A considerable mass of other materials, particularly proteins, as well as an elaborate structural organization in the egg also serve roles in the maternally established or influenced processes of embryogenesis.

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  1. Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 1B1, Canada

    Bruce P. Brandhorst

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  1. University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada

    Leon W. Browder

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Brandhorst, B.P. (1985). Informational Content of the Echinoderm Egg. In: Browder, L.W. (eds) Oogenesis. Developmental Biology, vol 1. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6814-8_12

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