Abstract
As described in the previous chapter, the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) plays an important role in the body’s regulation of arterial blood pressure. The effector hormone of the RAS is angiotensin II, which maintains the systemic vascular resistance and extracellular fluid volume through its direct and indirect vasoconstrictive and blood volume expansion effects (Fig. 4.1). In particular, angiotensin II constricts vascular smooth muscle and increases central sympathetic outflow. In addition, angiotensin II stimulates the release of norepinephrine and epinephrine from the sympathetic nervous system and the adrenal medulla. It exerts antinatriuretic and antidiuretic effects in the kidneys and promotes the release of vasopressin from the pituitary gland and the release of aldosterone from the adrenal cortex (sona glomerulosa).
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Frishman, W.H., Cheng-Lai, A., Chen, J. (2000). Angiotensin-II Receptor Blockers. In: Frishman, W.H., Cheng-Lai, A., Chen, J. (eds) Current Cardiovascular Drugs. Current Medicine Group, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6767-7_5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6767-7_5
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