Abstract
Diuretics have been in widespread use for more than 40 years and have been the mainstay of treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure (CHF). Despite the advent of newer agents, they continue to enjoy a large clinical demand and remain among the most widely prescribed drugs. Although originally intended for the treatment of edematous conditions, the most common application of diuretics is in the management of hypertension, and their efficacy as antihypertensive agents in mild to moderate hypertension is impressive. They remain the cornerstone of treatment for conditions in which the presence of edema is a feature, notably CHF.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Selected Bibliography
Amery A, Birkenhager W, Brixko P, et al: Mortality and morbidity results from the European Working Party on High Blood Pressure in the Elderly Trial. lancet 1985; I: 1349–1354.
Bayliss J. Norell M. Canepa-Anson R. Sutton G, Untreated heart failure: clinical and neuroendocrine effects of introducing diuretics. Br Heart J1987: 57: 17–22.
Channer KS. McLean KA, Lawson-Matthew P, et a1: Combination diuretic treatment in severe heart failure: a randomized controlled trial. Br Heart J 1994; 71: 146–150.
Coope J. Warrender TS: Randomized trial of treatment of hypertension in elderly patients in primary care. Br Med J 1986: 293: 1145–1151.
Cutler JA, Neaton JD. Hulley SB, Kullere L, Coronary heart disease and all-cause mortality in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial: subgroup findings and comparisons with other trials. Prey Med 1985; 16: 293–311.
Friedel HA, Buckley MMT: Torasemide. A review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic potential. Drugs 1991; 41: 81–103.
Frishman WH: Diagnosis and treatment of systolic heart fail- ure in the elderly. Am J Geriatr Cardiol 1998; 7: 10–16.
Frishman WH, Burris JF. Mroczek WI, et al: First-line therapy option with low-dose bisoprolol fumarate and low-dose hydrochlorothiazide in patients with stage I and stage 11 systemic hypertension. J Clin Pharnurcol 1995; 35: 182–88.
Frishman WH. Bryzinski BS, Coulson LR, et al: A multifactoriai trial design to assess combination therapy in hypertension: treatment with bisoprolol and hydrochlorothiazide. Arch Intern Med 1994; 154: 1461–68.
Grossman E, Messerli FH, Goldbourt U: Does diuretic therapy increase the risk of renal cell carcinoma? Am J Card 1999; 83: 1090–1093.
Hachamovitch R. Strom JA. Sonnenblick EH, et al: Left ventricular hypertrophy in hypertension and the effects of antihypertensive drug therapy. Curr Probi Cardiol 1988; 13: 371–421.
Kiyingi A, Field MJ, Pawsey CC. et a1: Metolazone in treatment of severe refractory congestive cardiac failure. Lancet 1990; 335: 29–31.
Kramer WG, Smith WB. Ferguson J. et al: Pharmacodynamics of torsemide administered as an intravenous injection and as a continuous infusion to patients with congestive heart failure. J Clin Pharmacol 1996; 36: 265–270.
LaCroix AZ, Wienpahl J, White LR, et al: Thiazide diuretic agents and the incidence of hip fracture. N Engl J Med 1990; 322: 286–290.
Lakshman MR, Reda DJ. Materson BJ. et al: Diuretics and 3-blockers do not have adverse effect at l year on plasma lipid and lipoprotein profiles in men with hypertension. Arch Intern Med 1999; 159: 551–58.
Lant A: Diuretics: clinical pharmacology and therapeutic use (Part I). Drugs 1985; 29: 57–87.
LeJemtel TH, Sonnenblick EH, Frishman WH: Diagnosis and management of heart failure. In. Alexander RW, Schlant RC. Fuster V (eds): Hurst’s The Heart. 9th ed. New York: McGraw Hill. 1998: 745–81.
Leren P. Helgeland A: Coronary heart disease and treatme of hypertension. Some Oslo study data. Am J Med 198 80: 3–6.
Levine SD: Diuretics. Med Clin North Am 1989; 73:
Medical Research Council Working Party: MRC trial of treatment of mild hypertension: principal results. Br Med J 1985; 29: 97–104.
Mokrzycki M, Tamirisa P: Diuretic therapy in cardiovascular disease. In, Frishman WH, Sonnenblick EH: Cardiovascular Pharmacotherapeutics. New York: McGraw Hill, 1997: 193–222.
Mokrzycki M, Tamirisa P, Frishman WH: Diuretic therapy cardiovascular disease. In, Frishman WH. Sonnenblick EH: Cardiovascular Phcumucotherapeutics Companion Handbook. New York: McGraw Hill, 1998: 152–74.
Neaton JD, Grimm RH, Prinea.s RI. et al: Treatment of Mild Hypertension Study. Final results. JAMA 1993; 270: 713–724.
Parker JD, Parker AB, Farrell B. et al: Effects of diuretic therapy on the development of tolerance to nitroglycerin and exercise capacity in patients with chronic stable angina. Circulation 1996; 93: 691–696.
Reader R. Bauer GE, Doyle AE. et al: The Australian The peutic Trial of Mild Hypertension: report by the management committee. Lancet 1980: 1: 1261–1267.
Schuller D, Lynch JP. Fine D: Protocol-guided diuretic management: comparison of furosemide by continuous inf sion and intermittent bolas. Cris Care Med 1997; 25: 1969–75.
Shapiro PA: Five year findings of the Hypertension Detecti and Follow-up Program: I. Reduction in mortality of sons with high blood pressure. including mild hypertension. JAMA l979; 242: 2562–2571.
SHEP Cooperative Research Group: Prevention of stroke by anti-hypertensive drug treatment in older persons with isolated systolic hypertension. Final results of the Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly Program. JAMA 1991; 24: 3255–3264.
Siscovick DS, Raghunathan TE, Psaty BM, et al: Diuretic therapy for hypertension and the risk of primary cardi• arrest. N Eng! J Med 1994: 330: 1852–57.
The Sixth Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation and Treatment of Hig Blood Pressure. Arch Intern Med 1997; 157: 2413–46.
Velazquez H: Thiazide diuretics. Renal Physiol 1987; 1 184–197.
Weber KT: Aldosterone and spironolactone in heart fallu N Engl J Med 1999: 341: 753–754.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2000 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Frishman, W.H., Cheng-Lai, A., Chen, J. (2000). Diuretics. In: Frishman, W.H., Cheng-Lai, A., Chen, J. (eds) Current Cardiovascular Drugs. Current Medicine Group, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6767-7_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6767-7_10
Publisher Name: Current Medicine Group, London
Print ISBN: 978-1-57340-135-7
Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-6767-7
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive