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The Kidney in Systemic Disease

Pathophysiological Schemes and Analysis of Two Diseases (Multiple Myeloma and Diabetes Mellitus)

  • Chapter
Contemporary Nephrology

Abstract

The past two decades have witnessed a remarkable growth in our knowledge of the function of the kidney. The use of clearance and micropuncture methodologies, the development of techniques for perfusion of isolated renal tubules, and the application of biochemical studies to renal tissue have all aided in elucidating many heretofore unknown mechanisms. An important advancement has been the revealing of the kidney as a major component of the overall endocrine system (Brenner and Stein, 1979; Brenner et al., 1980). Besides having the capacity to metabolize and excrete certain hormones, the kidney is the site of production or the target of action for several hormones. The hormonal machinery seems geared to maintain the volume and composition of the extracellular fluid (and hence of the intracellular milieu). In addition, it has become clear that few other organs exhibit such a phenomenally complex dependence on the interaction between architecture and function. Since the kidneys receive 20% of the entire cardiac output per minute, malfunction of the cardiovascular system or the production of substances that alter the composition of the blood as a result of systemic disease affect renal function.

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  1. Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA

    Manuel Martinez-Maldonado

  2. Medical Service, San Juan Veterans Administration Hospital, San Juan, Puerto Rico, 00936, USA

    Manuel Martinez-Maldonado

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  1. Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA

    Saulo Klahr M.D.

  2. University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA

    Shaul G. Massry M.D.

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Martinez-Maldonado, M. (1981). The Kidney in Systemic Disease. In: Klahr, S., Massry, S.G. (eds) Contemporary Nephrology. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6719-6_10

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