Abstract
In this chapter, we consider the behavioral disorders associated with central nervous system dysfunction, particularly brain dysfunction. The chapter is organized into three major sections. In the first, we discuss a variety of topics of importance to the explication and understanding of the organic mental disorders and the behavioral consequences of neurological disease. In the second, specific brain disorders are considered in terms of the clinical symptomatology, biological aspects (including genetics), psychological changes, environmental-sociocultural aspects, and treatment. A brief summary and research directions for the future comprise the third section.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Adams, R. D., & Victor, M. Principles of neurology. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1981.
Adolfsson, R. Gottfries, C. G., Roos, B. E., & Winblad, B. Changes in the brain catecholamines in patients with dementia of Alzheimer type. British Journal of Psychiatry, 1979, 135, 216–223.
Akesson, H. O. A population study of senile and arteriosclerotic psychoses. Human Heredity, 1969, 18, 113132.
Albert, M. D., Feldman, R. G., & Willis, A. L. The “sub-cortical dementia” of progressive supranuclear palsy. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 1974, 37, 121–130.
Alfrey, A. C., LeGendre, G. R., & Kaehny, W. E. The dialysis encephalopathy syndrome. New England Journal of Medicine, 1976, 294, 184.
Alvord, E. C., Jr., Formo, L. S., Kusske, J. A., Kauffman, R. J., Rhodes, J. S., & Goetowski, C. R. The pathology of Parkinsonism: A comparison of degenerations in cerebral cortex and brainstem. Advances in Neurology, 1974, 5, 175–193.
American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders ( 2nd ed. ). Washington, D.C., Author, 1968.
American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders ( 3rd ed. ). Washington, D.C., Author, 1980.
Aminoff, M. J., Marshall, J., Smith, E. M., & Wyke, M. A. Patterns of intellectual impairment in Huntington’s chores. Psychological Medicine, 1975, 5, 169–172.
Angers, W. P., & Dennerll, R. D. Intelligence quotients of institutionalized and non-institutionalized epileptics. Journal of Psychological Studies, 1962, 13, 152.
Asso, D. WAIS scores in a group of Parkinson patients. British Journal of Psychiatry, 1969, 115, 555–556.
Baker, M. G., & Lawson, J. S. Nominal aphasia in dementia. British Journal of Psychiatry, 1968, 114, 1351–1356.
Ball, T. J. Neuronal loss, neurofibrillary tangles and granovacuolar degeneration in the hippocampus with aging and dementia. Acta Neuropathologica, 1977, 37, 111–118.
Ban, T. A. Organic problems in the aged: Brain syndromes and alcoholism: Psychiatric aspects of the organic brain syndrome and pharmacological approaches to treatment. Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 1978, 11, 135–159.
Baro, F. A neuropsychological approach to early detection of Huntington’s chorea. In A. Barbeau, T. N. Chase, & G. W. Paulson (Eds.), Advances in neurology: Huntington’s chorea, 1872–1972(Vol. 1 ). New York: Raven Press, 1973.
Bear, D. M., & Fedio, P. Quantitative analysis of interictal behavior in temporal lobe epilepsy. Archives of Neurology, 1977, 34, 454–467.
Beck, E. C., Dustman, R. E., & Lewis, E. G. The use of the average evoked potential in the evaluation of central nervous system disorders. International Journal of Neurology, 1975, 9, 211–232.
Begleiter, H., & Porjesz, B. Persistance of a “subacute withdrawal syndrome” following chronic alcohol in- take. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 1979, 4, 353–357.
Belenduik, K., Belenduik, G. W., & Freedman, D. X. Blood monoamine metabolism in Huntington’s disease. Archives of General Psychiatry, 1980, 37, 325–332.
Bender, L. M., & Schreiber, V. Visual imagery and verbal mediation as memory aids in recovering alcoholics. Journal of Clinical Neuropsychology, 1980, 2, 71–73.
Benton, A. (Ed.). Behavioral changes in cerebrovascular disease. New York: Harper & Row, 1970.
Ben-Yishay, Y. (Ed). Working approaches to remediation of cognitive deficits in brain-damaged. Rehabilitation Monograph No. 60. New York: Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, New York University, 1979.
Berent, S. Lateralization of brain function. In S. B. Filskov & T. J. Boll (Eds.), Handbook of clinical neuropsychology. New York: Wiley, 1981.
Bergmann, K., Foster, E. M., Justice, A. W., & Matthews, V. Management of the demented elderly patient in the community. British Journal of Psychiatry, 1978, 132, 441–449.
Berry, R. G. Pathology of dementia. In J. C. Howells (Ed.), Modern perspectives in the psychiatry of old age. New York: Brunner/Mazel, 1975.
Blessed, G., Tomlinson, B. E., & Roth, M. The association between quantitative measures of dementia and of senile change in the cerebral grey matter of elderly subjects. British Journal of Psychiatry, 1968, 114, 797–811.
Blumer, D. Temporal lobe epilepsy and its psychiatric significance. In D. F. Benson & D. Blumer (Eds), Psychiatric aspects of neurologic disease. New York: Grune & Stratton, 1975.
Boll, T. J. Diagnosing brain impairment. In B. B. Wolman (Ed), Clinical Diagnosis of mental disorders: A Handbook. New York: Plenum Press, 1978.
Boll, T. J. The Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Battery. In S. B. Filskov & T. J. Boll (Eds.), Handbook of clinical neuropsychology. New York: Wiley, 1981.
Boll, T. J., & Barth, J. T. Neuropsychology of brain damage in children. In S. B. Filskov & T. J. Boll (Eds.), Handbook of clinical neuropsychology. New York: Wiley, 1981.
Boll, T. J., Heaton, R., & Reitan, R. M. Neuropsychological and emotional correlates of Huntington’s chorea. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 1974, 158, 6168.
Boller, F. Mental status of patients with Parkinson’s disease. Journal of Clinical Neuropsychology, 1980, 2, 157–172.
Bolton, N., Britton, P. G., & Savage, R. D. Some normative data on the WAIS and its indices in an aged population. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 1966, 22, 184–188.
Bond, M. R. Assessment of the psychosocial outcome after severe head injury. In F. Plumb (Ed.), Outcome of severe damage to the CNS: Symposium. London: CIBA Foundation, 1975.
Bortner, M., & Birch, H. G. Perceptual and perceptual-motor dissociation in brain damaged patients. Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases, 1960, 130, 49–53.
Botwinick, J., & Birren, J. E. The measurement of intellectual decline in the senile psychoses. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 1951, 15, 145–150.
Bowen, D. M., Spillane, J. A., Curzon, G., Meier-Ruge, W., White, P., Goodhardt, M. I., Iwangoff, P., & Davison, A. N. Accelerated aging or selective neuronal loss as an important cause of dementia? Lancet, 1979, 6, 1113.
Bowen, F. P. Behavioral alterations in patients with basal ganglia lesions. In M. D. Yahr (Ed.), The basal ganglia. New York: Raven Press, 1976.
Brooks, D. N. Recognition memory after head injury. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 1974, 37, 794–801.
Brothers, C. Huntington’s chorea in Victoria and Tasmania. Journal of the Neurological Sciences, 1964, 1, 405–420.
Brown, G. L., & Wilson, W. P. Parkinsonism and depression. Southern Medical Journal, 1972, 65, 540.
Bruyn, G. Huntington’s chorea: A historical, clinical and laboratory synopsis. In P. Vinken & G. Bruyn (Eds.), Handbook of clinical neurology(Vol. 6 ). Amsterdam: North-Holland, 1968.
Busch, E. Psychical symptoms in neurosurgical disease. Acta Psychiatrica et Neurologica Scandanivica, 1940, 15, 257–290.
Busse, E. W. Organic disorders and psychosomatic medicine. In S. Arieti (Ed.), American handbook of psychiatry(Vol. 2, 2nd ed.). New York: Basic Books, 1975.
Butters, N., & Cermak, L. Alcoholic Korsakoff s Syndrome. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1980.
Butters, N., & Grady, M. Effect of predistractor delays on the short-term memory performance of patients with Korsakoff’s and Huntington’s disease. Neuropsychologia, 1977, 15, 701–705.
Butters, N., Tarlow, S., Cermak, L. S., & Sax, D. A comparison of the information processing deficits of patients with Huntington’s chorea and Korsakoff’s syndrome. Cortex, 1976, 12, 134–144.
Butters, N., Sax, D., Montgomery, K., & Tarlow, S. Comparison of the neuropsychological deficits associated with early and advanced Huntington’s disease. Archives of Neurology, 1978, 35, 585–589.
Caine, E. D., Ebert, M. H., & Weingartner, H. An outline for the analysis of dementia: The memory disorders of Huntington’s disease. Neurology, 1977, 27, 1087–1092.
Caine, E. D., Hunt, R. D., Weingartner, H., & Ebert, M. H. Huntington’s dementia. Archives of General Psychiatry, 1978, 35, 377–384.
Canter, A. H. Direct and indirect measures of psychological deficit in multiple sclerosis. Journal of General Psychology, 1951, 44, 27–50.
Carlen, P. L., Kapur, B., Haszar, L. A., Lee, M. A., Model, G., Singh, R., & Wilkinson, D. A. Prolonged cerebrospinal fluid acidosis in recently abstinent chronic alcoholics. Neurology, 1980, 30, 956–962.
Caveness, W. F. Epilepsy, a product of trauma in our time. Epilepsia, 1976, 17, 207–215.
Celesia, G. G., & Wanamaker, W. M. Psychiatric disturbances in Parkinson’s disease. Diseases of the Nervous System, 1972, 33, 577–583.
Cermak, L. S. Improving retention in alcoholic Korsakoff patients. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 1980, 41, 159169.
Chapman, L. F., & Wolff, H. G. The cerebral hemispheres and the highest intergrative functions of man. AMA Archives of Neurology, 1959, 1, 19–86.
Chase, T. N., Wexler, N. S., & Barbeau, A. (Eds.). Huntington’s disease. Advances in Neurology, 23. New York: Raven Press, 1979.
Chea, K. C., & Beard, O. W. Psychiatric findings in the population of a geriatric evaluation unit: Implications. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 1980, 28, 153–156.
Christensen, A. L. Luria’s neuropsychological investigation. New York: Spectrum, 1975. (a)
Christensen, A. L. Luria’s neuropsychological investigation: Manual. New York: Spectrum, 1975.
Coblentz, J. M., Mattis, S., & Zingesser, L. H. Presenile dementia: Clinical aspects and evaluation of cerebrospinal fluid dynamics. Archives of Neurology, 1973, 29, 299–308.
Cohen, D., & Eisdorfer, C. Brief communication, antinuclear antibodies in the cognitively impaired elderly. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 1980, /68, 179180. (a)
Cohen, D., & Eisdorfer, C. Serum immunoglobulins and cognitive status in the elderly: I. A population study. British Journal of Psychiatry, 1980, 136, 33–39. (b)
Cohen, S. Cannabis: Impact on motivation, Part II. Drug Abuse and Alcoholism Newsletter, 1980, 10(1).
Constaninidis, J., Garrone, G., & deAjuriaguerra, J. L’hérédité des démences de l’âge avancé. Encéphale, 1962, 51, 301–304.
Cook, R. H., Ward, B. E., & Austin, J. H. Studies in aging of the brain: I. Familial Alzheimer’s disease: Relation to transmissible dementia, aneuploidy, and microtubular defects. Neurology, 1979, 29, 1402–1412.
Corsellis, J. A. N. Mental illness and the aging brain. London: Oxford University Press, 1962.
Crapper, D. R., Krishnan, S. S., & Quittkat, S. Aluminum neurofibrillary degeneration and Alzheimer’s disease. Brain, 1976, 99, 67–80.
Crapper, D. R., Karlik, S., & deBoni, U. Aluminum and other metals in senile (Alzheimer) dementia. In R. Katzman, R. D. Terry, & K. Bick (Eds.), Alzheimer disease—Senile dementia and related disorders. New York: Raven Press, 1978.
Crapper, D. R., Quittkat, S., & DeBoni, U. Altered chromatin conformation in Alzheimer’s disease. Brain, 1979, 102, 483–495.
Cresseri, A. L’ereditarieta della demenza senile. Bolletino della Societa Italiana di Biologia Sperimentale, 1948, 24, 200–201.
Crookes, T. G. Indices of early dementia on WAIS. Psychological Reports, 1974, 34, 737.
Csank, J. Z., & Zweig, J. P. Relative mortality of chronically ill geriatric patients with organic brain damage, before and after relocation. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 1980, 28, 76–83.
Dale, A. J. D. Organic mental disorders associated with infections. In H. I. Kaplan, A. M. Freedman, & B. J. Sadock (Eds.), Comprehensive textbook of psychiatry(Vol. 2, 3rd ed.). Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1980.
Davis, D. L. Psychiatric changes associated with Friedrich’s ataxia. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 1949, 12, 246–250.
DeBoni, U., & Crapper, D. R. Paired helical filaments of the Alzheimer type in cultured neurones Nature 1978 271 566–568.
Delaney, R. C., Wallace, J. D., & Egelko, S. Transient cerebral ischemic attacks and neuropsychological deficit. Journal of Clinical Neuropsychology, 1980, 2, 107114.
DeLeon, M., George, A. E., Ferris, S. H., & Gentes, C. Structural and parenchymal CT brain changes in senile dementia. Presented at the Ninth Annual Meeting of the International Neuropsychological Society, February 1981, Atlanta.
DeLuca, J. R. (Ed.). Fourth Special Report to the U.S. Congress on Alcohol and Health. U. S. Department of Health and Human Services. DHHS Pub. No. (ADM) 81–1080. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1981.
Dennerll, R. D. Cognitive deficits and lateral brain dysfunction in temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsia, 1964, 5, 177–191.
Dewhurst, K., Oliver, J., Trick, K., & McKnight, A. Neuropsychiatric aspects of Huntington’s chorea. Confina Neurologia, 1969, 31, 258–268.
Diller, L., & Gordon, W. A. Rehabilitation and clinical neuropsychology. In S. B. Filskov & T. J. Boll, (Eds.), Handbook of clinical neuropsychology. New York: Wiley, 1981.
Diller, L., & Riklan, M. Psychosocial factors in Parkinson’s disease. Journal of the American Geriatric Society, 1956, 4, 1291–1300.
Diller, L., Buxbaum, J., & Chiotelis, S. Relearning motor skills in hemisplegia: Error analysis. Genetic Psychology Monographs, 1972, 85, 249–286.
Dimond, S. J., & Beaumont, J. G. (Eds.). Hemisphere function in the human brain. New York: Wiley, 1974.
Dodrill, C. B. Neuropsychology of epilepsy. In S. B. Felskov & T. J. Boll (Eds.), Handbook of clinical neuropsychology. New York: Wiley, 1981.
Dodrill, C. B., & Wilkins, R. J. Neuropsychological correlates of the electroencephalogram in epileptics: III. Generalized non-epileptiform abnormalities. Epilepsia, 1978, /9, 453–462.
Dom, R., Malfroid, M., & Baro, F. Neuropathology of Huntington’s chorea. Neurology, 1976, 26, 64–68.
Dorken, H., & Greenbloom, G. C. Psychological investigations of senile dementia: II. The Wechsler-Bellevue Adult Intelligence Scale. Geriatrics, 1953, 8, 324–333.
Drachman, D. A., & Sahakian, B. J. Memory and cognitive function in the elderly: A preliminary trial of physostigimine. Archives of Neurology, 1980, 37, 674–675.
Duckett, S. Aluminum and Alzheimer’s disease. Archives of Neurology, 1976, 33, 730–731.
Dywan-Segalowitz, J., & Hearn, M. T. The psychologist’s role in the comprehensive treatment of epilepsy. Paper presented at the International Neuropsychological Society Conference, Atlanta, 1981.
Eisdorfer, C. Psychologic reaction to cardiovascular change in the elderly. Mayo Clinic Proceedings, 1967, 42, 620–636.
Eisdorfer, C., & Cohen, D. Serum immunoglobulins and cognitive status in the elderly: II. An immunological-behavioral relationship? British Journal of Psychiatry, 1980, 136, 40–45.
Elizan, T. S., Schwartz, J., Yahr, M. D., & Casals, J. Antibodies against arboviruses in postencephalitic and idiopathic Parkinson’s disease. Archives of Neurology, 1978, 35, 257–260.
Elizan, T. S., Madden, D. L., Noble, G. R., Hermann, K. L., Gardner, J., Schwartz, J., Smith, H., Jr., Sever, J. L., & Yahr, M. D. Viral antibodies in serum and CSF of Parkinsonian patients and controls. Archives of Neurology, 1979, 36, 529–534.
Fabrega, H. Neurobiology, culture and behavior disturbances: An integrative review. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 1979, 167, 467–474.
Ferris, S. H., Crook, T., Clark, E., et al. Facial recognition memory deficits in normal aging and senile dementia. Journal of Gerontology, 1980, 35, 707–714.
Ferris, S., Farkas, T., deLeon, M., Reisberg, B., Alavi, A., Christman, D., Reivich, M., & Wolf, A. Position emission tomography (PETT) studies of regional brain metabolism in aging and senile dementia. Presented at the International Neuropsychological Society, February 1981, Atlanta.
Fillenbaum, G. C. Comparison of two brief tests of organic brain impairment, the MSQ and the short portable MSQ. Journal of the American Geriatric Society, 1980, 28, 381–384.
Filskov, S. B., & Boll, T. J. (Eds.). Handbook of clinical neuropsychology. New York: Wiley, 1981.
Finley, W. W. Effects of sham feedback following successful SMR training in an epileptic: Follow-up study. Biofeedback and Self Regulation, 1976, 1, 227–235.
Fisher, C. M. Dementia in cerebral vascular disease. In J. F. Toole, R. G. Siekart, & J. P. Whisnant (Eds.), Transactions of the Sixth Congress on Cerebral Vascular Diseases. New York: Grune & Stratton, 1968. Flor-Henry, P. Psychosis, neurosis and epilepsy. British Journal of Psychiatry, 1974, 124, 144–150.
Flor-Henry, P. Lateralized temporal-limbic dysfunction and psychopathology. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1976, 280, 777–797.
Foltz, E. L., & Schmidt, R. P. The role of the reticular formation in the coma of head injury. Journal of Neurosurgery, 1956, 13, 145–154.
Foster, F. M. The classification and conditioning treatment of the reflex epilepsies. International Journal of Neurology, 1972, 9, 73–86.
Fox, J. H., Huckman, M. S., & Topel, J. L. The use of computerized tomography in senile dementia. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry 1975, 38, 948–953.
Gaitz, C. M. Diagnosing mental illness in the elderly. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 1980, 28, 176–179.
Gajdusek, D. C. Unconventional viruses and the origin and disappearance of kuru. Science, 1977, 197, 943–960.
Garron, D. C. Huntington’s chorea and schizophrenia. Advances in Neurology, 1973, 1, 729–734.
Garron, D. C., Klawans, H. L., Jr., & Narin, F. Intellectual functioning of persons with idiopathic parkinsonism. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 1972, 154, 445–452.
Garron, D. C., Narin, F., Bruyn, G. W., & Klawans, H. L. The effect of L-dopa on intellectual functioning in idiopathic parkinsonism. Parkinson’s Disease, 1973, 2, 259–263.
Gastaut, H. Clinical and electroencephalographical classification of epileptic seizures. Epilepsia, 1970, 11, 10 2113.
Gazzaniga, M. S. (Ed.). Handbook of Behavioral Neurobiology, Vol. 2: Neuropsychology. New York: Plenum Press, 1979.
Geschwind, N. Disconnexion syndromes in animals and man. Brain, 1963, 88, 237–294.
Geschwind, N. The apraxias: Neural mechanisms of disorders of learned movement. American Scientist, 1975, 63, 188–195.
Golden, C. J. A standardized version of Luria’s neuro-psychological tests: A quantitative and qualitative approach to neuropsychological evaluation. In S. B. Filskov & T. J. Boll, (Eds.), Handbook of clinical neuropsychology. New York: Wiley, 1981.
Golden, C. J., Hammeke, T., & Purisch, D. Diagnostic validity of the Luria neuropsychological battery. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology. 1978, 46, 1258–1265.
Golden, C. J., Graber, B., Blose, I., Berg, R., Coffman, J., & Bloch, S. Difference in brain densities between chronic alcoholic and normal control patients. Science, 1981, 211, 508–510.
Golden, C. J., Moses, J. A., Fisburne, F. J., Engum, E., Lewis, G. P., Wisniewski, A. M., Berg, R. A., & Graber, B. Cross-validation of the Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological battery for the presence, lateralization and localization of brain damage. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 1981, 49, 491–507.
Goldensohn, E. S. The classification of epileptic seizures. In D. B. Tower (Ed.), The nervous system: The clinical neurosciences(Vol. 2 ). New York: Raven Press, 1975.
Goldensohn, E. S., & Ward, A. A. Pathogensis of epileptic seizures. In D. B. Tower (Ed.), The nervous system: The clinical neurosciences(Vol. 2 ). New York: Raven Press, 1975.
Goldstein, K. Functional disturbances in brain damage. In S. Arieti (Ed.), American handbook of psychiatry. New York: Basic Books, 1959.
Goodin, D. S., Squires, R. C., & Starr, A. Long latency event-related components of the auditory evoked potential in dementia. Brain, 1978, 101, 635–648.
Goodman, L. Alzheimer’s disease: A clinical-pathologic analysis of cases with a theory on pathogenesis. Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases, 1953, 118, 129–133.
Gosling, R. H. The association of dementia with radiologically demonstrated cortical atrophy. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 1955, 18, 129–133.
Gottfries, C. G., & Roos, B. E. Acid monoamine metabolities in cerebrospinal fluid from patients with presenile dementia (Alzheimer’s) disease. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 1973, 49, 257–263.
Grad, J., & Sainsbury, P. The effects that patients have on their families in a community care and a control psychiatric service-a two-year follow-up. British Journal of Psychiatry, 1968, 114, 265–278.
Green, M. A., Stevenson, L. D., Fonseca, J. E., & Wortis, S. B. Cerebral biopsy in patients with presenile dementia. Disorders of the Nervous System, 1952, 13, 303307.
Gustafson, L. Dementia with onset in the presenile period. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 1975, 257 (Suppl.) Part 1, 9–35.
Gustafson, L., Risberg, J., Hagberg, B., Hougaard, K., Nilsson, L., & Ingvar, D. H. Cerebral blood flow, EEG and psychometric variables related to clinical findings in presenile dementia. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, 1972, 51, (Suppl.) 439–440.
Haaland, K. Y., & Delaney, H. D. Motor deficits after left or right hemisphere damage due to stroke or tumor. Neuropsychologia, 1981, 19, 17–27.
Hachinski, V. C., Lassen, N. A., & Marshall, J. Multi-infarct dementia, a cause of mental deterioration in the elderly. Lancet, 1974, 2, 207–210.
Hachinski, V. C., Iliff, L. D., Zilhka, E., DuBoulay, G. H., McAllister, V. L., Marshall, J., Russell, R., & Symon, L. Cerebral blood flow in dementia. Archives of Neurology, 1975, 32, 632–637.
Hagberg, B., & Ingvar, D. H. Cognitive reduction in presenile dementia related to regional abnormalities of the cerebral blood flow. British Journal of Psychiatry, 1976, 128, 209–222.
Hakim, A. M., & Mathieson, G. Dementia in Parkinson disease: A neuropathologic study. Neurology, 1979, 29, 1209–1214.
Halliday, A. M., McDonald, W. I., & Mushin, J. Visual evoked response in diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. British Medical Journal, 1973, 4, 661–664.
Halstead, W. C. Brain and intelligence: A quantitative study of the frontal lobes. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1947.
Hansen, L. Treatment of reduced intellectual functioning in alcoholics. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 1980, 41, 105–186.
Hamad, S., Doty, R., Goldstein, L., Jaynes, J., & Krauthammer, G. Lateralization in the nervous system. New York: Academic Press, 1977.
Harrison, M. J. G., Thomas, D. J., DuBoulay, G. H., & Marshall, J. Multiinfarct dementia. Journal of the Neurological Sciences, 1979, 40, 97–103.
Heathfield, K. Huntington’s chorea: Investigation into prevalence in N. E. metropolitan regional hospital board area. Brain, 1967, 90, 203–233.
Heaton, R. K., Smith, H. H., Lehman, R. A., & Vogt, A. T. The prospects for faking believable deficits on neuropsychological testing. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 1978, 46, 892–900.
Hécaen, H. Mental symptoms associated with tumors of the frontal lobe. In J. M. Warren & K. Akert (Eds.), The frontal granular cortex and behavior. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1964.
Hécaen, H., & Ajuriaguerra, J. de, Troubles mentaux au cours des tumeurs intracraniennes. Paris: Masson, 1956.
Hécaen, H., & Albert, M. L. Human neuropsychology. New York: Wiley, 1978.
Heijbel, J., Blom, S., & Rasmuson, M. Benign epilepsy of childhood with centrotemporal EEF foci: A genetic study. Epilepsia, 1975, 16, 285–293.
Heilman, K. M., & Valenstein, E. (Eds.). Clinical neuropsychology. New York: Oxford University Press, 1979.
Henderson, D., & Batchelor, I. R. C. Henderson & Gillespie’s textbook of psychiatry. London: Oxford University Press, 1962.
Hertzog, A. M., Schaie, K. W., & Gibbon, K. Cardiovascular and changes in intellectual functioning from middle to old age. Journal of Gerontology, 1978, 33, 872–883.
Herzog, A. G., & Kemper, T. L. Amygdaloid changes in aging and dementia. Archives of Neurology, 1980, 37, 625–629.
Heston, L. L., & Mastri, A. R. The genetics of Alzheimer’s disease. Archives of General Psychiatry, 1977, 34, 976–981.
Heston, L. L. Lowther, D. L. W., & Leventhal, C. M. Alzheimer’s disease: A family study. Archives of Neurology, 1966, 15, 225–233.
Hillyard, S. A., & Woods, D. L. Electrophysiological analysis of human brain function. In M. S. Gazzaniga (Ed.), Handbook of behavioral neurobiology, Vol. 2: Neuropsychology. New York: Plenum Press, 1979.
Hoes, M. J. A. The significance of the serum levels of Vitamin B-1 and magnesium in delerium tremens and alcoholism. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 1979, 40, 476–479.
Hopkins, B., & Roth, M. Psychological test performance in patients over sixty: II. Paraphrenics, arteriosclerotic psychosis and acute confusion. Journal of Mental Science, 1953, 99, 451–463.
Homykiewicz, O. Dopamine (3 hydroxytyramine) and brain function. Pharmacological Review, 1966, 18, 925964.
Huckman, M. S., Fox, J. H., & Topel, J. L. The validity of criteria for the evaluation of cerebral atrophy by computed tomography. Radiology, 1975, 116, 85–92.
Ince, L. P. The use of relaxation training and a conditional stimulus in the elimination of epileptic seizures in a child: A case study. Journal of Behavioral Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 1976, 7, 39–42.
Ingvar, D. H., & Gustafson, L. Regional cerebral blood flow in organic dementia with early onset. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, 1970, 43 (Suppl. 46), 42–73.
Iqbal, K., Wisniewski, H. M., Grundke-Iqbal, I., et al. Neurofibrillary pathology: An update. In K. Nandy & I. Sherwin (Eds.), Our aging brain and senile dementia, Vol. 2: Advances in behavioral biology. New York: Plenum Press, 1977.
Ishii, T., & Haga, S. Immuno-electron microscopic localization of immunoglobulins in anyloid fibrils of senile plaques. Acta Neuropathologica, 1976, 36, 243–250.
Jacoby, R. J. & Levy, R. Computed tomography in the elderly: II. Senile dementia: Diagnosis and functional impairment. British Journal of Psychiatry, 1980, 136, 256–269.
Jambor, K. L. Cognitive findings in multiple sclerosis. British Journal of Psychiatry, 1969, 115, 765–775.
James, W., Mefferd, R., & Kimbell, I. Early signs of Hungtington’s chorea. Diseases of the Nervous System, 1969, 30, 556–559.
Jarvik, L. F., Altshuler, K. Z., Kato, T., & Blumner, B. Organic brain syndrome and chrosome loss in aged twins Diseases of the Nervous System 1971 32 159170
Jarvik, L. F., Ruth, V., & Matsuyama, S. S. Organic brain syndrome and aging. Archives of General Psychiatry, 1980, 37, 280–286.
Jernigan, T., & Zatz, L. CT measures in demented patients: Comparison with normal values. Presented at the Ninth Annual Meeting of the International Neuropsychological Society, February 1981, Atlanta.
Kallman, F. J. Genetic aspects of mental disorders in later life. In O. J. Kaplan (Ed.), Mental disorders in later life. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1956.
Kaszniak, A. W., Fox, J., Gandell, D. L., Garron, D. C., Huckman, M. S., & Ramsey, R. G. Predictors of mortality in presenile and senile dementia. Annals of Neurology, 1978, 3, 246–252.
Kaszniak, A. W., Kelly, M., & Schneider, A. Reliability and validity of a neuropsychological screening battery for older adults. Presented in a symposium entitled “Neuropsychological Assessment in the Elderly,” at the Annual Meeting of the Gerontological Society, Dallas, 1978.
Kaszniak, A. W., Garron, D. C., & Fox, J. H. Cerebral atrophy, EEG slowing, age, education and cognitive functioning in suspected dementia. Neurology, 1979, 29, 1273–1279. (a)
Kaszniak, A. W., Garron, D. C., & Fox, J. Differential effects of age and cerebral atrophy upon span of immediate recall and paired-associate learning in older patients suspected of dementia. Cortex, 1979, 15, 285–295. (b)
Kaszniak, A. W., Wilson, R. S., & Fox, J. H. Effects of imagery and meaningfulness on free recall of recognition memory in presenile and senile dementia. Presented at the Eighth Annual Meeting of the International Neuropsychological Society, San Francisco, 1980.
Kaszniak, A. W., Wilson, R., Lazarus, L., Lessor, J., & Fox, J. H. Memory and depression in dementia. Presented at the Ninth Annual Meeting of the International Neuropsychological Society, Atlanta, 1981.
Kay, D. W. K., Beamish, P., & Roth, M. Old-age mental disorders in Newcastle-upon-Tyne: II. A study of possible social and medical causes. British Journal of Psychiatry, 1964, 110, 668–682.
Kendrick, D. C., & Post, F. Differences in cognitive status between health, psychiatrically ill and diffusely brain damaged elderly subjects. British Journal of Psychiatry, 1967, 113, 75–81.
Kendrick, D. C., Parboosingh, R., & Post, F. A synonym learning test for use with elderly psychiatric subjects: A validation study. British Journal of Social Clinical Psychology, 1965, 4, 63–71.
Keschner, M., Bender, M. B., &Strauss, I. Mental symptoms associated with brain tumor. Journal of the American Medical Association, 1938, 110, 714–718.
Kiev, A., Chapman, L. F., & Guthrie, T. C. The highest integrative functions and diffuse cerebral atrophy. Neurology, 1962, 12, 385–393.
Kiloh, L. G. Pseudo-dementia. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 1961, 37, 336–351.
Kinsbourne, M. (Ed.). Asymmetrical function of the brain. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1978.
Kinsbourne, M., & Wood, F. Short-term memory processes and the amnesic syndrome. In D. Deutsch & J. A. Deutsch (Eds.), Short term memory. New York: Academic Press, 1975.
Kissin, B. Alcoholism and drug dependence. In R. C. Simons & H. Pardes (Eds.), Understanding human behavior in health and illness. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1977.
KI¢ve, H., & Matthews, C. G. Psychometric and adaptive abilities in epilepsy with differential etiology. Epilepsia, 1966, 7, 330–338.
Kolb, L. C. Modern clinical psychiatry. Philadelphia: Saunders, 1973.
Kolb, B. & Whishaw, I. Q. Fundamentals of human neu- ropsychology. San Francis: W. H. Freeman, 1980.
Kuriansky, J. G., Gurland, B. J., & Fleiss, J. L. The assessment of self-care capacity in geriatric psychiatric patients by objective and subjective methods. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 1976, 32, 95–102.
Landy, P. J., & Bain, B. J. Alzheimer’s disease in siblings. Medical Journal of Australia, 1970, 2, 832–834.
Largen, J., Shaw, T., Mortel, K., Cutaia, M., Meyer, J., & Scheer, D. Activation of cerebral blood flow in association with Raven’s progressive matrices in early putative Alzheimer’s disease. Presented at the Ninth Annual Meeting of the International Neuropsychological Society, Atlanta, 1981.
Larsson, T., Sjögren, T., & Jacobson, G. Senile dementia: A clinical sociomedical and genetic study. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica1963, 39 (Suppl. 1967), 1–259.
Lavy, S., Melamed, E., Cooper, G., Bentin, S., & Rinot, Y. Regional cerebral blood flow in patients with Parkinson’s disease. Archives of Neurology, 1979, 36, 344–348.
Lawson, J. S., & Barker, M. G. The assessment of nominal dysphasia in dementia: The use of reaction time measures. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 1968, 41, 411–414.
Levin, H. S., Grossman, R. G., & Kelly, P. J. Short-term recognition memory in relation to severity of head injury. Cortex, 1977, 13, 175–182.
Levin, H. S., Grossman, R. G., Rose, J. E., & Teasdale, G. Long-term neuropsychological outcome of closed head injury. Journal of Neurosurgery, 1979, 50, 412–422.
Levita, E., & Riklan, M. Integrative functions in Parkinsonism. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 1970, 31, 379–385.
Levita, E., Ricklan, M., & Cooper, I. S. Cognitive and perceptual performance in Parkinsonism as a function of age and neurological impairment. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disorders. 1964, 139, 516–520.
Lewis, G. P., Golden, C. J., Moses, J. A., Osmon, D. C., Punsch, A. D., & Hammeke, T. A. Localization of cerebral dysfunction with a standardized version of Luria’s neuropsychological battery. Journal of Consulting & Clinical Psychology, 1979, 47, 1003–1019.
Lezak, M. D. Neuropsychological assessment. New York: Oxford University Press, 1976.
Lieberman, A. N. Parkinson’s disease: A clinical review. American Journal of Medical Science, 1974, 267, 6680.
Lieberman, A., Dziatolowski, M., Kupersmith, D., Serby, M., Goodgold, A., Jorein, J., & Goldstein, M. Dementia in Parkinson’s disease. Annals of Neurology, 1979, 6, 355–359.
Lipowski, Z. J. Psychiatry of somatic diseases: Epidemiology, pathogenesis, classification. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 1975, 16, 105–124.
Lipowski, Z. J. Organic brain syndrome: A reformulation. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 1978, 19, 309–322.
Lipowski, Z. J. Delirium updated. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 1980, 21 190–196. (a)
Lipowski, Z. J. Organic mental disorders: Introduction and review of syndromes. In H. I. Kaplan, A. M. Freeman, & B. J. Sadock (Eds.), Comprehensive textbook of psychiatry III (Vol. 2) Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1980. (b)
Lishman, W. A. Brain damage in relation to psychiatric disability after head injury. British Journal of Psychiatry, 1968, 114, 373–410.
Lishman, W. A. Organic psychiatry. Boston: Blackwell, 1978.
Liston, E. H. The clinical phenomenology of presenile dementia: A critical review of the literature. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 1979, 167, 329–336. (a)
Liston, E. H. Clinical findings in presenile dementia. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 1979, /67, 337–342. (b)
Loranger, A. W., Goodell, H., McDowell, F. H., Lee, J. H., & Sweet, R. D. Intellectual impairment in Parkinson’s syndrome. Brain, 1972, 95, 405–412.
Luria, A. R. Higher cortical functions in man. New York: Basic Books, 1966.
Luria, A. R. The functional organization of the brain. Scientific American, 1970, 222, 66–78.
Lying-Tunnell, U., & Marions, O. A triad of air encephalographic findings in patients with mental impairment: A controlled prospective study. Neuroradiology, 1975, 9, 251–265.
Lyle, O. E., & Gottesman, I. I. Premorbid psychometric indicators of the gene for Huntington’s disease. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 1977, 45 (6), 1011–1022.
Mann, D. M. A., Lincoln, J., Yates, P. 0., Stamp, J. E., & Toper, S. Changes in the monoamine containing neurones of the human CNS in senile dementia. British Journal of Psychiatry, 1980, 136, 533–541.
Marsden, C. D., & Harrison, M. J. G. Outcome of investigation of patients with presenile dementia. British Medical Journal, 1972, 2, 249–252.
Martin, W. E., Loewenson, R. B., Resch, J. A., & Baker, B. A. Parkinson’s disease: Clinical analysis of 100 patients. Neurology, 1973, 23, 783–790.
Marttila, R. J., & Rinne, U. K. Dementia in Parkinson’s disease. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, 1976, 54, 43 1441.
Marttila, R. J., Kalimo, K. O. K., Ziola, B. R., Holonen, P. E., & Rinne, U. K. Herpes simplex virus subunit antibodies in patients with Parkinson’s disease. Archives of Neurology, 1978, 35, 668–671.
Masters, C. L., Gajdusek, D. C., Gibbs, C. J., et al. Familial Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease and other familial dementias: An inquiry into possible modes of transmission of virus induced familial diseases. In S. B. Prusiner & W. J. Hadlow (Eds.) Slow transmissible diseases of the nervous system Vol. 1: Clinical epidemiological and pathological aspects of the spongiform encephalopathies. New York: Academic Press, 1979.
Matthews, C. G., & Haaland, K. Y. The effect of symptom duration on cognitive and motor performance in Parkinsonism. Neurology, 1979, 29, 951–956.
Matthews, C. G., Cleeland, C. W., & Hopper, C. L. Neuropsychological patterns in multiple sclerosis. Diseases of the Nervous System, 1970, 31, 161–170.
Maugh, T. H. The EAE Model: A tentative connection to multiple sclerosis. Science, 1977, 195, 969–971. (a)
Maugh, T. H. Multiple sclerosis: Genetic link, viruses suspected. Science, 1977, 195, 667–669. (b)
Maugh, T. H. Multiple sclerosis: Two or more viruses may be involved. Science, 1977, 195, 768–771. (c)
Mayer, P. P., Chughtai, M. A., & Cape, R. D. T. An immunological approach to dementia in the elderly. Age and Aging, 1976, 5, 164–170.
Mayer-Gross, W., Slater, E., & Roth, M. Clinical psy- chiatry( 3rd ed ). London: Tindale & Carsell, 1969.
McAlpine, D., & Compston, M. D. Some aspects of the natural history of disseminated sclerosis. Quarterly Journal of Medicine, 1952, 21, 135–167.
McDermott, J. R., Smith, A. I., Iqbul, K., & Wisniewski, H. M. Brain aluminum in aging and Alzheimer’s disease. Neurology, 1979, 29, 309–314.
McGeer, P. L., McGeer, E. G., & Suzuki, J. S. Aging and extra pyramidal function. Archives of Neurology, 1977, 84, 33–35.
McHugh, P., & Folstein, M. Psychiatric Syndromes in Huntington’s chorea. In D. F. Benson & D. Blumer (Eds.), Psychiatric aspects of neurologic disease. New York: Grune & Stratton, 1975.
Meer, B., & Krag, G. Correlates of disability in a population of hospitalized geriatric patients. Journal of Gerontology, 1964, 19, 440–446.
Meggendorfer, F. Uber Familiengeschichtliche Untersuchugen bei arterioskerotischer and seniler Demenz. Zentralblatt für die Gesamte Neurologie and Psychiatrie, 1925, 40, 359.
Melamed, E., Lavy, S., Siew, F., Bentin, S., & Cooper, G. Correlation between regional cerebral blood flow and brain atrophy in dementia. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, & Psychiatry, 1978, 41, 894–899.
Merritt, H. H. A textbook of neurology. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger, 1979.
Mettler, F. A., & Crandell, A. Relation between Parkinsonism and psychiatric disorder. Journal of Nervous & Mental Disease, 1959, 129, 551–563.
Milazzo-Sayre, L. Changes in the age, sex and diagnostic composition of the resident population of state and county mental hospitals, United States 1965–1975. Mental Health Statistical Note No. 146. Bethesda: NIMH, 1978.
Miller, E. On the nature of the memory disorder in pre- senile dementia. Neuropsychologia, 1971, 9, 75–78.
Miller, E. Efficiency of coding and the short-term memory defect in presenile dementia. Neuropsychologia, 1972, 10, 133–136.
Miller, E. Short-and long-term memory in presenile dementia (Alzheimer’s disease). Psychological Medicine, 1973, 3, 221–224.
Miller, E. Impaired recall and the memory disturbance in presenile dementia. British Journal of Social & Clinical Psychology, 1975, 14, 73–79.
Miller, E. Abnormal aging: The psychology of senile and presenile dementia. New York: Wiley, 1977.
Miller, E., & Lewis, P. Recognition memory in elderly patients with depression and dementia: A signal detection analysis. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 1977, 86, 84–86.
Mindham, R. H. S. Psychiatric symptoms in Parkinson-ism. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry, 1970, 33, 188–191.
Morimatsu, M., Hirai, S., Muramatsu, A., & Yoshikawa, M. Senile degenerative brain lesion and dementia. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 1975, 23, 390406.
Moscovitch, M. Information processing and the cerebral hemispheres. In M. S. Gazzaniga (Ed.), Handbook of behavioral neurobiology, Vol. 2: Neuropsychology. New York: Plenum Press, 1979.
Mostofsky, D. I. Epilepsy: Returning the ghost to psy- chology. Professional Psychology, 1978, 9, 87–92.
Mostofsky, D. I., & Balaschak, B. A. Psychological control of seizures. Psychological Bulletin, 1979, 84, 723750.
Mulder, D. W. Organic mental disorders associated with disease of unknown cause. In H. I. Kaplan, A. M. Freedman, & B. J. Sadock (Eds.), Comprehensive Textbook of Psychiatry, III(Vol. 2 ). Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1980.
Naeser, M. A., Gebhardt, C., & Levine, H. L. Decreased computarized tomography numbers in patients with presenile dementia. Archives of Neurology, 1980, 37, 40 1409.
Nandy, K. Brain-reactive antibodies. In R. Katzman, R. D. Terry, & K. Bick (Eds.), Alzheimer’s disease, senile dementia and related disorders. New York: Raven Press, 1978.
National Institutes of Health. Neurological and communicative disorders. Department of Health, Welfare and Education Publication No. (NIH 77–152 ). Washington, D.C.: U. S. Government Printing Office, 1976.
Norton, J. C. Patterns of neuropsychological -test performance in Huntington’s disease. Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases, 1975, 161, 276–279.
Nott, P. N., & Fleminger, J. J. Presenile dementia: The difficulties of early diagnosis. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 1975, 51, 210–217.
Obier, L. K., & Albert, M. L. Verbal fluency in dementing elderly. Presented at Eighth Annual Meeting of the International Neuropsychological Society, San Francisco, 1980.
Okuma, T., & Kumashiro, H. Natural history and prognosis of epilepsy: Report of a multi-institutional study in Japan. Epilepsia, 1981, 22, 35–53.
Oliver, J. Huntington’s chorea in Northamptonshire. British Journal of Psychiatry, 1970, 116, 241–253.
Orme, J. E. Intellectual and Rorschach test performance of a group of senile dementia patients and of a group of elderly depressives. Journal of Mental Science, 1955, 101, 863–870.
Osborn, A. G. Computed tomography in neurologic disease. Annual Review of Medicine, 1979, 30, 189–198.
Oscar-Berman, M., Sax, D., & Opoliner, L. Effects of memory aids on hypothesis behavior and focussing in patients with Huntington’s chorea. In A. Barbeau, T. N. Chase, & G. W. Paulson (Eds.), Advances in neurology: Huntington’s chorea, 1872–1972(Vol. 1 ). New York: Raven, 1973.
Ounsted, C., Lindsay, J., & Norman, R. Biological factors in temporal lobe epilepsy. London: William Heineman, 1966.
Overgaard, J., & Tweed, W. A. Cerebral circulation after head injury. Part I. Cerebral blood flow and its regulation after closed head injury with emphasis on clinical correlations. Journal of Neurosurgery, 1974, 41, 53 1541.
Panse, F. Huntingtonsippen des Rheinlandes. Zentralblatt für die gesamte Neurologie and Psychiatrie, 1942, 161, 55.
Parker, N. Observations on Huntington’s chorea based on a Queensland survey. Medical Journal of Australia, 1958, 1, 3251–3259.
Parsons, O. A. Neuropsychological deficits in chronic alcoholics. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 1977, /, 51–56.
Parsons, O. A., & Fabian, M. S. Do recovered alcoholic women have perceptual-cognitive deficits?A paper presented at the National Council on Alcoholism, New Orleans 1981.
Parsons, O. A., & Farr, S. P. Neuropsychology of alcohol and drug use. In S. D. Filskov & T. J. Boll (Eds.), Handbook of clinical neuropsychology. New York: Wiley, 1981.
Parsons, O. A., & Leber, W. R. Alcohol, cognitive dysfunction and brain damage. In National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism: Biomedical Processes and Consequences of Alcohol Use: Alcohol and Health Monograph #2. Rockville, Md.: The Institute, 1982.
Parsons, O. A., & Prigatano, G. P. Methodological considerations in clinical neuropsychological research. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 1978, 46, 608–619.
Parsons, O. A., Stewart, K. D., & Arenberg, D. Impairment of abstracting ability in multiple sclerosis. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 1957, 125, 221–225.
Perez, F. I., Gay, M. R. A., & Taylor, R. L. WAIS performance of neurologically impaired aged. Psychological Reports, 1975, 37, 1043–1047.
Perez, F. I., Mathew, N. T., Stump, D. A., & Meyer, J. S. Regional cerebral blood flow statistical patterns and psychological performance in multiinfarct dementia and Alzheimer’s disease. Le Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques, 1977, 4, 53–62.
Perl, D. P., & Brody, A. R. Alzheimer’s disease: X-ray spectrometric evidence of aluminum accumulation in neurofibrillary tangle-bearing neurones. Science, 1980, 208, 297–229.
Perry, E. K., Gibson, P. H., Blessed, G., Perry, R. H., & Tomlinson, B. E. Neurotransmitter enzyme abnormalities in senile dementia. Journal of the Neurological Sciences, 1977, 34, 247–265.
Perry, T. L., Wright, J. M., Hansen, S., & McLeod, P. M. Isoniazid therapy of Huntington’s disease. Neurology, 1979, 29, 270–375.
Peters, B. H., & Levin, H. S. Effects of physostigmine and lecithin on memory in Alzheimer’s disease. Annals of Neurology, 1979, 6, 219–221.
Peterson, C. Organic mental disorders associated with brain trauma. In H. I. Kaplan, A. M. Freedman, & B. J. Sadock (Eds.). Comprehensive textbook of psychiatry (Vol. 2, 3rd ed.). Baltimore, Md.: Williams & Wilkins, 1980. (a)
Peterson, C. Organic mental disorders induced by drugs or poisons. In H. I. Kaplan, A. M. Freedman, & B. J. Sadock (Eds.), Comprehensive textbook of psychiatry (Vol. 2, 3rd ed.). Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1980. (b)
Pfeiffer, E. Psychopathology and social pathology. In J. E. Birren & K. W. Schaie (Eds.), Handbook of the psychology of aging. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1977.
Philippopoulos, G. S., Wittkower, E. D., & Cousineau, A. The etiological significance of emotional factors in onset and exacerbations of multiple sclerosis. Psychosomatic Medicine, 1958, 20, 458–474.
Pincus, J. H., & Tucker, G. J. Behavioral neurology. New York: Oxford University Press, 1978.
Ponsford, J. L., Donnan, G. A., & Walsh, K. A. Disorders of memory in vertebrobasilar disease. Journal of Clinical Neuropsychology, 1980, 2, 267–276.
Post, F. Dementia, depression and pseudodementia. In D. F. Benson & D. Blumer (Eds.), Psychiatric aspects of neurologic disease. New York: Grune & Stratton, 1975.
Prichep, L., John, E., & Anh, H. Neurometric evaluation of cognitive dysfunction. Presented at the Ninth Annual Meeting of the International Neuropsychological Society, Atlanta, 1981.
Prigatano, G. P. Linking neuropsychological test findings to rehabilitation. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Southwestern Psychological Association, April 11, 1980, Oklahoma City.
Pryse-Phillips, W., & Murray, T. J. Essential neurology. Garden City, N.Y.: Medical Examination Publishing, 1978.
Reed, T., & Chandler, J. Huntington’s chorea in Michigan: I. Demography and genetics. American Journal of Human Genetics, 1958, 10, 201–225.
Reitan, R. M. Psychological deficits resulting from cerebral lesions in man. In J. M. Warren & K. Akert (Eds.), The frontal granular cortex and behavior. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1964.
Reitan, R. M. Problems and prospects in studying the psychological correlates of brain lesions. Cortex, 1966, 2, 127–154.
Reitan, R. M., & Boll, T. J. Intellectual and cognitive functions in Parkinson’s disease. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 1971, 37, 364–369.
Reitan, R. M., & Davison, L. A. (Eds.). Clinical neuro-psychology: Current status and applications. Washington, D.C.: V. H. Winston, 1974.
Reitan, R. M., Reed, J. C., & Dyken, M. L. Cognitive psychomotor and motor correlates of multiple sclerosis. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 1971, 153 218–224.
Risberg, J. Regional cerebral blood flow measurements by 133 Xe-inhalation: Methodology and applications in neuropsychology and psychiatry. Brain and Language, 1980, 9, 9–34.
Roberts, M. A., & Caird, F. I. Computerized tomography and intellectual impairment in the elderly. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 1976, 39, 986–989.
Roberts, M. A., McGeorge, A. P., & Caird, F. I. Electroencephalography. and computerized tomography in vascular and non-vascular dementia in old age. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 1978, 48, 903–906.
Rochford, G. A study of naming errors in dysphasia and in demented patients. Neuropsychologia, 1971, 9, 427–443.
Rodin, E. A., Katz, M., & Lennox, K. Differences between patients with temporal-lobe seizures and those with other forms of epileptic attacks. Epilepsia, 1976, 17, 313–320.
Rosenstock, H. A. Alzheimer’s presenile dementia (A review of 11 clinically diagnosed cases). Disorders of the Nervous System, 1970, 31, 826–829.
Ross, H. E., & Kedward, H. B. Social functioning and self-care in hospitalized psychogeriatric patients. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 1978, 166, 25–33.
Roth, M. The natural history of mental disorders in old age. Journal of Mental Science, 1955, 101, 281–301.
Roth, M., & Hopkins, B. Psychological test performance in patients over 60: I. Senile psychosis and the affective disorders of old age. Journal of Mental Science, 1953, 99, 439–450.
Roth, M., Tomlinson, B. E., & Blessed, G. Correlations between scores for dementia and counts of “senile plaques” in cerebral grey matter in elderly subjects. Nature, 1966, 209, 101–110.
Rothschild, D. Neuropathologic changes with arteriosclerotic psychosis and their psychiatric significance. Archives of Neurological Psychiatry, 1942, 48, 417–436.
Rushing, W. A., & Ortega, S. T. Socioeconomic status and mental disorder: New evidence and a socio-medical formulation. American Journal of Sociology, 1979, 84, 1175–1200.
Russell, E. W., Neuringer, C., & Goldstein, G. Assessment of brain damage: A neuropsychological approach. New York: Wiley-Interscience, 1970.
Rylander, G. Mental changes after excision of cerebral tissue. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica 1943, Suppl. 25.
Sadock, B. A. Organic mental disorders associated with circulatory disturbances (including multi-infarct dementia). In H. I. Kaplan, A. M. Freedman, & B. J. Sadock (Eds.), Comprehensive textbook of psychiatry(Vol. 2, 3rd ed.). Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1980.
Salzman, C., & Shader, R. I. Depression in the elderly: II. Possible drug etiologies: Differential diagnostic criteria. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 1978, 26, 303–308.
Sax, D., & Menzer, L. Computerized tomography in Huntington’s disease. Neurology, 1977, 27, 399.
Schacter, D. L., & Crovitz, H. F. Memory function after closed head injury: A review of the quantitative research. Cortex, 1977, 13, 150–176.
Scheinberg, P. Modern practical neurology( 2nd ed. ). New York: Raven Press, 1981.
Schmidt, R. P., & Wilder, B. J. Epilepsy. Philadelphia: Davis, 1968.
Schneider, E., Fischer, P. A., Jacobi, P., Becker, H., & Hacker, H. The significance of cerebral atrophy for the symptomatology of Parkinson’s disease. Journal Neurological Science, 1979, 42, 187–197.
Schulsinger, F. Biological psychopathology. Annual Review of Psychology, 1980, 31, 583–606.
Schwartz, J., & Elizan, T. S. Search for viral particles and virus-specific products in idiopathic Parkinson’s disease brain material. Annals of Neurology, 1979, 6, 261–263.
Seales, D. E., Rossiter, M. A., & Weinstein, M. E. Brain-stem auditory evoked response in patients comatose as a result of blunt head trauma. Journal of Trauma, 1979, 19, 347–353.
Selby, G. Cerebral atrophy in Parkinsonism. Journal of Neurological Science, 1968, 6, 517–559.
Selzer, M. L. Alcoholism and alcoholic psychoses. In H. I. Kaplan, A. M. Freedman, & B. J. Sadock (Eds.), Comprehensive textbook of psychiatry(Vol. 2, 3rd ed.). Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1980.
Shakow, D., Dolkart, M. B., & Goldman, R. The memory function in psychoses of the aged. Diseases of the Nervous System, 1941 2, 43–48.
Shamansky, S. L., & Glaser, G. H. Socioeconomic characteristics of childhood seizure disorders in the New Haven area: An epidemiological study. Epilepsia, 1979, 20, 457–474.
Short, M. J., & Wilson, W. P. The electroencephalogram in dementia. In C. E. Wells (Ed.), Dementia. Philadelphia: F. A. Davis, 1971.
Short, M. J., Musella, L., & Wilson, W. P. Correlation of affect and EEG in senile psychoses. Journal of Gerontology, 1968, 23, 324–327
Shoulson, I., & Fahn, S. Huntington’s disease: Clinical care and evaluation. Neurology 1979, 29 1–3
Sim, M., & Sussman, I. Alzheimer’s disease: Its natural history and differential diagnosis. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disorders, 1962, 135, 489–499.
Sim, M., Turner, E., & Smith, W. T. Cerebral biopsy in the investigation of presenile dementia: I. Clinical aspects. British Journal of Psychiatry, 1966, 112, 119–125.
Simard, D., Olesen, O. B., Paulson, O. B., et al. Regional cerebral blood flow and its regulation in dementia. Brain, 1971, 94, 273–288.
Sjögren, T., Sjögren, H., & Lindgren, A. G. H. Morbus Alzheimer and morbus Pick. Acta Psychiatrica et Neurologica Scandinavica, 1952, Suppl. 82, 1–152.
Smith, A. Intellectual functions in patients with lateralized frontal tumors. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Behavior, 1966, 29, 52–59.
Smith, A. Neuropsychological testing in neurological disorders. In W. J. Freelander (Ed.), Advances in neurology (Vol. 7 ). New York: Raven, 1975.
Smith, A. Principles underlying human brain functions in sequelae of different neuropathological processes. In S. B. Filskov & T. J. Boll (Eds.), Handbook of clinical neuropsychology. New York: Wiley, 1981.
Sperry, R. W. Lateral specialization in the surgically separated hemispheres. In F. O. Schmitt & F. G. Worden (Eds.), Neurosciences: Third study program. Cambridge, Mass.: M.I.T. Press, 1974.
Squires, K. C., Chippendale, T. J., Wrege, K. S., Goodin, D. S., & Starr, A. Electrophysiological assessment of dementia. In L. W. Poon (Ed.), Aging in the 80’s. Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association, 1980.
Sterman, M. B Macdonald, L. R., & Stone, R. K. Biofeedback training of the sensorimotor EEG rhythm in man: Effects on epilepsy. Epilepsia 1974, /5, 395–416.
Sternberg, D. E., & Jarvik, M. E. Memory functions in depression. Archives of General Psychiatry, 1976, 33, 219–224.
Stinnett, J. L. Alcoholism. In A. Frazer & A. Winokur (Eds.), Biological basis of psychiatric disorders. New York: Spectrum, 1977.
Surridge, D. An investigation into some psychiatric aspects of multiple sclerosis. British Journal of Psychiatry, 1969, 115, 765–775.
Talland, G. A. Cognitive function in Parkinson’s disease. Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases, 1962, 135, 196–205.
Talland, G. A. Deranged memory. New York: Academic Press, 1965.
Tarter, R. E. Intellectual and adaptive functioning in epilepsy: A review of fifty years of research. Diseases of the Nervous System, 1972, 33, 763–770.
Tavolato, B., & Argentiero, V. Immunological indices in presenile Alzheimer’s disease. Journal of Neurological Science, 1980, 46, 325–331.
Teasdale, G., & Jennett, B. Assessment of coma and impaired consciousness: A practical scale. Lancet, 1974, 2, 81.
Tellez-Nagel, I., Johnson, A., & Terry, T. Ultra-structural and histochemical study of cerebral biopsies in Huntington’s chorea. In A. Barbeau, T. Chase, & G. Paulson (Eds.), Advances in neurology, Vol. 1: Huntington’s chorea, 1872–1972. New York: Raven, 1973.
Terrence, C., Delaney, J., & Alberts, M. Computed tomography for Huntington’s disease. Neuroradiology 1977, /3, 173–175.
Terry, R. D., & Pena, C. Experimental production of neurofibrillary degeneration. Journal of Neuropathological and Experimental Neurology, 1965, 24, 200–210.
Teuber, H-L. Effects of brain wounds implicating right or left hemisphere in man. In V. B. Mountcastle (Ed.), Interhemispheric relations and cerebral dominance. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1962.
Teuber, H-L. Recovery of function after brain injury in man. In F. Plum (Ed.), Outcome of severe brain damage to the CNS: Symposium. London: CIBA Foundation, 1975.
Tognola, G., & Vignolo, L. A. Brain lesions associated with oral apraxia in stroke patients: A clinical-neuroradiological investigation with the CT scan. Neuropsychologica, 1980, 18, 257–272.
Tomlinson, B. E. The pathology of dementia. In C. E. Wells (Ed.), Dementia(2nd ed.). Philadelphia: F. A. Davis, 1977.
Tomlinson, B. E., Blessed, G., & Roth, N. Observations on the brains of demented old people. Journal of Neurological Science, 1970, 11, 205–242.
Trapp, G. A., Miner, G. D., Zimmerman, R. L., Mastri, A. R., & Heston, L. L. Aluminum levels in the brain in Alzheimer’s disease. Biological Psychiatry, 1978, 13, 709–718.
Traub, R. D., Gajdusek, D. C., & Gibbs, C. J., Jr. Transmissible virus dementias: The relation of transmissible spongiform encephalopathy to Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease. In M. Kinsbourne & L. Smith (Eds.), Aging and dementia. Flushing, N.Y.: Spectrum, 1977.
Valenstein, E., & Heilman, K. M. Emotional disorders resulting from lesions of the central nervous system. In K. M. Heilman & E. Valenstein (Eds.), Clinical neuropsychology. New York: Oxford Press, 1979.
Vecker, A. E. Comparability of two methods of administering the MMPI to brain damaged geriatric patients. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 1969, 25, 196–198.
Visscher, B. R., Defels, R., Dudley, J., Haile, R. E., Malmgren, R. M., Teraskai, P. I., & Park, M. S. Genetic susceptibility to multiple sclerosis. Neurology, 1979, 29, 1354–1360.
Walsh, K. W. Neuropsychology. London: Church, 1978.
Warburton, J. W. Depressive symptoms in Parkinson patients referred for thalamotomy. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry 1967, 30 368–370. (a)
Warburton, J. W. Memory, disturbance and the Parkinson syndrome. British Journal of Medical Psychology 1967, 40 169–171. (b)
Warrington, E. K., & Weiskrantz, L. An analysis of short-term and long-term memory deficits in man. In J. A. Deutsch (Ed.), The physiological basis of memory. New York: Academic Press, 1973.
Watson, C. G. The separation of NP hospital organics from schizophrenics with three visual motor screening tests. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 1968, 24, 412–414.
Weddell, R., Oddy, M., & Jenkins, D. Social adjustment after rehabilitation: A two year follow-up of patients with severe injury. Psychological Medicine, 1980, 10, 257–263.
Weinberger, H. L. Über die hereditaren Bezienhungen der senilen Demenz. Zentralblatt für die gesamte Neurologie and Psychiatrie, 1926, 106, 666–701.
Weingartner, H., Caine, E. D., & Ebert, M. H. Imagery, encoding and retrieval of information from memory: Some specific encoding-retrieval changes in Hunting-ton’s disease. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 1979, 88, 52–58.
Wells, C. E. Chronic brain disease: An overview. American Journal of Psychiatry, 1978, 135, 1–12.
Wells, C. E. Pseudodementia. American Journal of Psychiatry, 1979, 136, 895–900.
Westmoreland, B. F. Organic mental disorders associated with epilepsy. In H. I. Kaplan, A. M. Freedman, & B. J. Sadock (Eds.), Comprehensive textbook of psychiatry (Vol. 2). Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1980.
Wetmur, J. G., Schwartz, J., & Elizan, T. S. Nucleic acid homology studies of viral nucleic acids in idiopathic Parkinson’s disease. Archives of Neurology, 1979, 36, 462–464.
Wexler, B. E. Cerebral laterality and psychiatry: A review of the literature. American Journal of Psychiatry, 1980, 137, 279–291.
Whitehead, A. Verbal learning and memory in elderly depressives. British Journal of Psychiatry, 1973, 123, 203–208.
Whittier, J. Hereditary chorea (Huntington’s chorea): A paradigm of brain dysfunction with psychopathology. In C. Shagass, S. Gershon, & A. Friedhoff (Eds.), Psychopathology and brain dysfunction. New York: Raven, 1977.
Whittingham, S., Lennon, V., Mackay, L. R., Vernon, G., & Davies, B. Absence of brain antibodies in senile dementia. British Journal of Psychiatry, 1970, 116, 447–448.
Wilkins, R. J., & Dodrill, C. B. Neuropsychological correlates of the electroencephalogram in epileptics: I. Topographic distribution and average rate of epileptiform activity. Epilepsia, 1976, 17, 89–100.
Willanger, R., Thygesen, P., Nielson, R., & Peterson, O. Intellectual impairment cerebral atrophy: A psychological, neurological and radiological investigation. Danish Medical Bulletin, 1968, 15, 65–93.
Williams, M., & Pennybacker, J. Memory disturbance in third ventricle tumors. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 1954, 17, 115–123.
Wilson, R. S., Kaszniak, A. W., & Fox, J. H. Depth of processing in dementia. Presented at the Eighty-eighth Annual Meeting of the American Psychological Association, Montreal, 1980.
Wilson, R. S., Kaszniak, A. W., Klawans, H. L., & Garron, D. C. High speed memory scanning in Parkinson-ism. Cortex, 1980, 16, 67–72.
Wilson, R. S., Kaszniak, A. W., Fox, J. H., Garron, D. C., & Ratusnik, D. L. Language deterioration in dementia. Presented at the Ninth Annual Meeting of the International Neuropsychological Society, Atlanta, 1981.
Wilson, R. S., Kaszniak, A. W., Fox, J. H., & Kelly, M. Facial recognition in dementia. Presented at the Ninth Annual Meeting of the International Neuropsychological Society, Atlanta, 1981.
Winick, M. Nutrition and the killer diseases. New York: Wiley, 1981.
Wright, L. Psychology as a health profession. Clinical Psychologist, 1976, 29, 16–19.
Wright, L., Schaefer, A. B., & Solomons, G. Encyclopedia of pediatric psychology. Baltimore: University Park Press, 1979.
Yamaguchi, F., Meyer, J. S., Yamamato, M., Sakai, F., & Shaw, T. Noninvasive regional cerebral blood flow measurements in dementia. Archives of Neurology, 1980, 37, 410–418.
Yurchenco, H. A mighty hard road: The Woody Guthrie story. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1970.
Ziegler, D. K. Cerebral atrophy in psychiatric patients. American Journal of Psychiatry, 1954, 111, 454–458.
Ziegler, R. G. Psychological vulnerability in epileptic patients. Psychomatics, 1979, 20, 145–148.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1984 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Parsons, O.A., Hart, R.P. (1984). Behavioral Disorders Associated with Central Nervous System Dysfunction. In: Adams, H.E., Sutker, P.B. (eds) Comprehensive Handbook of Psychopathology. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6681-6_28
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6681-6_28
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4615-6683-0
Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-6681-6
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive